复合乳酸菌和酵母菌对新生犊牛免疫和抗氧化功能的影响

选择体况相同、体质量(36±2.53)kg、3日龄内的中国荷斯坦母犊牛40头,随机分为4组,每组10头,即空白组(D组)、乳酸菌组(L组)、乳酸菌+酵母菌组(LS组)、酵母菌组(S组)。在试验期内,4组犊牛均全程饲喂代乳粉,LS、L和S组分别添加复合益生菌,D组不添加,试验期45 d。结果表明:与试验1 d相比,45 d LS组血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSF-Px)含量显著上升,丙二醛(MDA)含量显著下降(P<0.05);45 d时LS组血清T-AOC、SOD显著高于L和S组(P<0.05),MDA含量显著低于L和S组(P<0.05),GSF-Px含量差异不显著(P<0.05),但有高于其他组的趋势;与1 d相比,45 d LS组血清免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量显著升高(P<0.05),免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量有升高趋势但差异不显著(P>0.05);45 d时LS组血清IgA、IgG显著高于L和S组(P<0.05),IgM含量高于L和S组但差异不显著(P>0.05),但均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);与1 d相比,15 d LS组血清白介素-2(IL-2)显著升高(P<0.05),45 d LS组白介素-10(IL-10)显著升高,45 d LS组、L组白介素-4(IL-4)有升高趋势但差异不显著(P>0.05);在15 d LS组IL-2、IL-4含量显著高于其他组(P<0.05);与1 d相比,45 d LS组血清白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)显著下降,且显著低于L、S和对照组(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲喂复合益生菌可增强新生犊牛免疫和抗氧化功能,提高血清中相应指标含量,且LS组效果最好。

Effect of Lactobacillus and yeast compound on immunity and antioxidant function of newborn calves

Forty Chinese Holstein female calves with the same body condition,relative body mass(36±2.53)kg,within three days old were selected,and they were randomly divided into four groups,with 10 calves in each group,namely the blank group(D group),Lactobacillus group(L group),Lactobacillus+yeast group(LS group),yeast group(S group).During the test period,the calves in four groups were fed with milk replacer throughout the whole process.Compound probiotics were added to the LS,L and S group respectively,and no compound probiotics were added to the D group.The trial lasted for 45 d.The results showed as follows:compared with d 1,the serum total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSF-Px)levels of the LS group increased significantly on d 45,the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)decreased significantly(P<0.05);on d 45,the serum T-AOC and SOD of the LS group were significantly higher than those of the L and S groups(P<0.05),the MDA content was significantly lower than that of the L and S groups(P<0.05),and the difference in GSF-Px content was not significant(P>0.05),but there was a tendency to be higher than other groups.Compared with d 1,the serum immunoglobulin M(IgM)and immunoglobulin G(IgG)levels in the LS group increased significantly(P<0.05),and the immunoglobulin A(IgA)levels increased on d 45,but there was not significant difference(P>0.05);on d 45,the serum IgA and IgG of the LS group were significantly higher than those of the L and S groups(P<0.05),and the IgM content was higher than that of the L and S groups but the difference was not significant(P>0.05),but it was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Compared with d 1,the serum interleukin-2(IL-2)of the LS group was significantly increased on d 45(P<0.05),and the IL-10 of the LS group was significantly increased on d 45.IL-4 has a rising trend but the difference was not significant(P>0.05);On d 45,the interleukin-4(IL-4)of the LS group and the L group had a rising trend but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).On d 15,the levels of IL-2 and IL-4 in the LS group were significantly higher than those in the other groups(P<0.05).Compared with d 1,IL-6,IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in the LS group decreased significantly on d 45,and were significantly lower than those in the L,S and control group(P<0.05).These results showed that the feeding of compound probiotics can enhance the immune and antioxidant function of newborn calves,increase the content of corresponding indicators in serum,and reduce the occurrence of diarrhea.