基于AFLP的燕麦遗传多样性研究

采用ＡＦＬＰ分子标记技术对来自中国、加拿大、澳大利亚和欧洲等国家的３４个有代表性的饲用燕麦品种及８个裸燕麦品种进行遗传多样性分析，从３０ 对ＥｃｏＲＩ／ＭｓｅＩ引物组合中筛选出５ 对多态性和清晰度较高的引物组合，共获得２６８条带，其中多态带１８５条，平均多态性检出率为６９．０％，Ｅ ＡＧＧ／Ｍ ＣＴＡ 的扩增效率最高达７８．６％。由Ｎｅｉ’ｓ指数（ｈ）估测，供试品种平均变异为０．１６６４，平均Ｓｈａｎｎｏｎ’ｓ信息指数估计值为０．２２０６；４２个燕麦品种间遗传相似系数为０．４８８１～０．９８８０，遗传距离的变化范围是０．０１２０～０．７１７２。通过ＡＦＬＰ 数据构建燕麦的ＵＰＧＭＡ 系统树，在遗传相似系数０．７４８水平，所有供试品种可聚为６类。皮燕麦与裸燕麦在遗传相似度０．５９处被明显分为２类，与形态学分类结果一致。由ＡＦＬＰ揭示的品种间遗传关系与品种实际来源基本一致，品种的遗传距离与其地理分布关系密切。

Genetic diversity in Avena based on AFLP analysis

Genetic diversity of 34 Avena sativa varieties and 8 A.nuda varieties from China,Canada,Australia,Europe and other countries was studied using amplified fragment length polymorphism(AFLP).Five primer pairs with higher polymorphic were selected from 30 EcoRI/MseI primers,268 AFLP markers were generated and 185 were polymorphic(69.0%).The highest polymorphic rate was 78.6% with primer E-AGG/M-CTA.In Nei's index calculation,the average variation coefficient was 0.166 4 and Shannon diversity index was 0.220 6.All cultivars Pairwise similarity coefficient varied from 0.488 1 to 0.988 0,with 0.012 0-0.717 2 genetic distance.The fingerprinting data were further analyzed using UPGMA methods which clustered the 42 varieties into six main distinct groups at 0.748 genetic similarity coefficients.A.sativa and A.nuda were divided into two groups at 0.59,which was in accordance with traditional classification.The genetic relationship revealed by AFLP was consistent with original sources;genetic distance was closely associated with geographical distributions.