日本大豆引种四川盆地的品质评价研究

将原产于日本的17个大豆种质资源引种至我国四川盆地栽培,并对其引种前后的籽粒品质性状进行分析评价,探究引种大豆在四川盆地的适应性,以期为丰富西南大豆种质资源提供参考。品质性状变异分析结果表明,大豆异黄酮的变异系数大,除苷元外均达到30%以上,而其余性状的变异系数也均大于10%。与引种前相比,各供试大豆的可溶性蛋白含量普遍升高,而脂肪酸、可溶性多糖和异黄酮含量普遍降低。基于引种大豆11个品质性状的主成分聚类分析,将供试的17份种质资源划分为五大类,其中,Ⅰ类大豆为高脂肪酸品种,其生育期适中,亚油酸含量大于55‰,可作为高油脂杂交育种亲本材料加以利用;Ⅲ类大豆为高蛋白型品种,可作为豆制品开发原材料加以利用;Ⅴ类大豆为高异黄酮型品种,可作为功能性成分原料来源加以利用。

Evaluation of Japanese soybean varieties in the Sichuan Basin,China

In this study 17 soybean genotypes were introduced from Japan to the Sichuan Basin with an aim to assess their adaptability.Comparison of quality traits showed that variation in isoflavone content was highest;the coefficient of variation values were generally greater than 30% (apart from aglycone),while the coefficient variation for other seed compounds was around 10%.The soluble protein contents of the tested soybean seeds were relatively high while fatty acids,soluble polysaccharides and isoflavone were low.Principal component a-nalysis and cluster analysis divided the 17 germplasms into five groups.Individually,Group-Ⅰ comprised high-oil varieties,their linoleic acid content were>55‰,suggesting that they could be used to produce high-oil hy-brid varieties.Group-Ⅲ comprised high-protein varieties,potentially useful for developing varieties to produce soy raw materials;Group-Ⅴ comprised high-isoflavone varieties,which could potentially be used to produce varieties useful for functional food or fodder.