复合微生物肥料对羊草草原土壤理化性质及酶活性的影响

为了使微生物肥料达到更好的效果,便出现了集无机化学肥料、有机肥料以及微生物肥料综合效果的新型肥料-复合微生物肥料。本文选择腐殖酸、糖蜜发酵、海藻酸等3种复合微生物肥料,设置对照、3种复合微生物肥料单施及混合施入5种处理,分别用CK、F、T、H、A表示,研究其在改善羊草草原土壤肥力中的作用。结果显示:1)表层土壤全磷在T和A处理较CK降低显著;土壤有机质在F处理变化不显著外,在其余3种处理均较CK增加显著,且A处理较F和T处理增加显著;其余土壤理化性质在各处理均无显著变化。2)土壤酶活性却对复合微生物肥料有显著性的变化:0~10cm土层中,与对照相比,过氧化氢酶活性除在F处理变化不显著外,其余处理均显著降低;磷酸酶活性除在H处理变化不显著外,其余处理均显著增加;脲酶活性在F和T处理降低显著;而蔗糖酶活性在各处理均变化不显著。10~20cm土层中,与对照相比,过氧化氢酶活性在F处理显著增加,而其他3个处理均显著降低;蔗糖酶活性除在A处理变化不明显外,其余3个处理均降低显著;脲酶活性只在F处理显著降低;磷酸酶活性在各处理均无显著性变化。3)表土层的过氧化氢酶活性与土壤pH呈显著正相关,脲酶与全氮呈显著负相关,磷酸酶与全磷呈显著负相关,下层土壤的蔗糖酶活性与有机质呈显著正相关,与土壤含水量呈显著负相关,且土壤酶活性随土壤剖面深度增加而降低。总的来看,微生物肥料在天然草地中的施用还需进行改良实验。

The effect of compound bio-fertilizers on soil physical and chemical properties and soil enzyme activity in Leymus chinensis steppe

Compound bio-fertilizers have recently been developed to improve the performance of bio-fertilizers. These compounds are a mix of inorganic chemical,organic and bio-fertilizers.In this study,we investigated the effect on Leymus chinensis steppe soil fertility of three kinds of compound bio-fertilizer:humic acid,molassesfermentation and alginic acid.We also measured the effects of a mixed application of these three compounds. Results showed that compared to the control there was a significant reduction in total phosphorus in surface soils under the molasses fermentation and three compound mix treatments.Soil organic matter increased signif-icantly,with these increases being higher for the three compound mix than for the humic acid and molasses fer-mentation treatments.The other soil physical and chemical properties measured showed no significant change under each treatment.Soil enzyme activities were significantly affected.Compared with the control,hydrogen peroxide enzyme activity in the 0-10 cm soil layer was significantly reduced in all treatments except for the hu-mic acid compound.Phosphatase activity increased significantly in all cases except for the alginic acid treat-ment.Urease activity was reduced significantly in the humic acid and molasses fermentation treatments.In-vertase activity did not change significantly.In 10 -20 cm soil layer,hydrogen peroxide enzyme activity in-creased significantly in the humic acid treatment while it significantly reduced under the other treatments.In-vertase activity did not change with the three compound mix but reduced significantly under the remaining three treatments.Urease activity decreased only with humic acid treatment,while phosphatase activity did not sig-nificantly change in any of the treatments.Hydrogen peroxide enzyme activity and soil pH were significantly positively correlated,while urease and total nitrogen were significantly negatively correlated.Phosphatase and total phosphorus had a significant negative correlation in topsoil.Invertase activity was significantly positively correlated with organic matter,and was significantly negatively correlated with soil moisture content in the lower soils.In general,soil enzyme activity decreased with increasing depth of soil profile.