浅议青海天然草地退化

参考青海省上世纪50年代、70年代、80年代的野外调查资料,结合2007年第二次草地资源调查时获取的最新数据,从退化草地面积、草地类鲜草产量初步对全省天然草地进行了退化趋势的分析,认为青海省天然草地的退化趋势始于上世纪70年代,但退化程度不明显。最近30年来,天然草地的退化速率明显加快,尤其是地处"三江源区"的天然草地,是全省退化扩展速率最快的地区。其原因,主要是人为活动和气候因素所致,自然因素对天然草地的影响是渐进式和缓慢的、不易察觉的一个过程,远不及人口和牲畜数量的增加、长期超载过牧等超过环境承载能力的干扰对草地动态演替产生的影响,更加直接,更为严重。但自然因素对天然草地的影响仍是一个不容忽视的重要因素。

THE DEGRADATION TREND OF NATURAL GRASSLAND IN QINGHAI PROVINCE

Reference the laste data obtain from the grassland resources survey in 1950s.1970s and 1980s in qinghai province,combined with the latest data in 2007.analysis from the aspects of the area of natural grassland,grass yield,etc were analyzed,the conclusion of natural grassland of qinghai province degradation trend began in the 1970s,but the degradation degree is not obvious,For nearly 30 years,the natural grassland Degradation rate significantly faster,especially the sanjiangyuan area of natural grassland degradation is the propagation rate of the fastest.Investigate its reason,the natural environment change and enhanced human activities are major factors which cause natural grassland degradation.The climatic change will cause natural grassland retrogressive succession,which is gradual,slow and difficult to be aware of.However,the effects of natural factors on grassland degradation are obvious.Far less than the increase in the Numbers of population and livestock,such as long- term overloaded,over environmental bearing capacity of interference on the impact of dynamic succession of grassland,more direct,more serious.The influence of natural factors on natural grassland is one of the most important factors that nots allow to ignore.