河西走廊牛巴氏杆菌病的流行病学调查及病原分离鉴定

对河西走廊5个市的14个县区70个乡镇350个村7 000个场户进行了牛巴氏杆菌病的流行病学抽样调查和病原学分离鉴定.其结果：发病、死亡和致死率分别为1.72％、1.12％和65.52％.发病季节主要在2～4月和10～12月；肉牛的发病、死亡率分别为1.61％、1.05％,牦牛分别为2.46％、1.60％.180日龄以内的哺乳犊牛发病、死亡率最低,分别为1.19％、0.92％,0.5～1.0岁断奶犊牛最高,分别为2.24％、1.59％；哺乳犊牛致死率最高,为77.02％,0.5～1.0岁断奶犊牛次之,为70.65％,以后随着年龄的增大,逐渐下降.采集发病死亡牛病料56份,有52份检出了多杀性巴氏杆菌,同时对病原进行了分离鉴定.表明牛巴氏杆菌病在河西走廊流行广泛,发病、死亡率较高,危害严重.

Isolation Identification and Epidemiology Investigation of Bovine Pasteurellosis in Gansu CorridorIsolation Identification and Epidemiology Investigation of Bovine Pasteurellosis in Gansu Corridor

Epidemiological and etiological study was performed in 5 cities including J iayuguan, J iuquan, Zhangye, J inchang and Wuwei of Gansu Corridor, totally 7000 self--employed farms in 70 towns of 14 counties were involved. The results showed that 178 of the 7000 farms showed prevalence of bovine hemorrhagic septicemia. The incidence rate, death rate and fatality rate were 1.72%, 1.12% and 65.52~//00, respectively. The disease is prevalent mainly from February to April and from October to December. The incidence and fatality rate of cattle are 1.61% and 1.05 %, respectively, while the incidence and fatality rate of yak is 2.46% and 1.60%, respectively. Calves before 180--d postpartum have the lowest incidence and fatality rate （1.19% and 0.92%, respectively）, followed by calves between 180d to 360d postpartum （2.24% and 1.59%, respectively）. Then, the incidence and fatality rate decrease as the calves grow up. Suckling calves has the highest fatality rate （77.02%）, followed by calves of 180--d to 360--d postpartum （70.65%）, and decreases as calves grow up. Pasteurella muhocida was character- ized for 52 cases from 56 samples from the dead cattle, which indicates that the bovine hemorrhagic septicemia is of epidemicity in Gansu Corridor with a high incidence and fatality rate.