两种运输车对驴运输应激的影响

本试验旨在研究改造运输车对缓解驴运输应激的效果。选取28头健康德州公驴,随机分为2组,从北京密云县运输至聊城市东阿县东阿黑毛驴研究所,路程约500 km,历时18 h。试验使用9.6 m长单层货车为运输车,对试验组(T)运输车进行改造,即加装顶层和双侧篷布、底部加装草帘和中部加装隔栏,对照组(C)不作处理。运输前后测定驴血液生化和激素指标,统计体重变化和发病驴数量。结果表明,与运输前相比,普通车组驴在落地当天检测到血清皮质醇(COR)、白蛋白(ALB)水平均显著升高(P<0.05),总蛋白(TP)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、热休克蛋白-90(HSP90)和肌酸激酶(CK)指标极显著升高(P<0.01),钙(Ca)浓度显著降低(P<0.05)。改造车组驴血液指标TP、AST和CK的变化范围低于普通车组。两组驴落地后血糖(GLU)水平均比运输前升高,但差异均不显著(P<0.05)。与运输前相比,改造车组驴落地后的体重减少低于普通车组;改造车组驴在落地后第10天平均体重接近运输前,而普通车组驴的平均体重在落地后第20天才基本恢复至运输前水平,即使用改造运输车辆可以尽早恢复体重。普通车组驴发病率为21.4%,改造车组为7.1%;两组均无死亡。综合上述结果,改造运输车可有效降低驴的运输应激,有利于提高动物运输福利,减少经济损失;本试验结果可为动物运输应激提供参考。

Effects of Two Kinds of Transport Vehicles on Transport Stress of Donkeys

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of modifying transport vehicles on alleviating donkey transport stress.28 healthy Dezhou male donkeys were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups,which were transported from Beijing Miyun county to Liaocheng Donge Black Donkey Research Institute.The distance was about 500 km and the transportation lasted 18 h.9.6 m single-deck trucks were used.The modified transport vehicle which had the top floor and bilateral tarpaulins,straw curtain at the bottom and partition in the middle was used in experimental group(T).The untreated vehicle was used in the control group(C).The blood biochemical and hormone indexes were measured,the change of body weight and the number of donkeys infected were counted.The results showed that:Compared with before transportation,the serum indexes of cortisol(COR),albumin(ALB)were significantly higher on the day of landing(P<0.05),total protein(TP),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),heat shock protein-90(HSP90)and creatine kinase(CK)indexes were extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),calcium(Ca)concentration was significantly decreased(P<0.05)in contron group.Compared with ordinary vehicle group,the indicators such as TP,AST and CK range of variation of the modified vehicle group were lower.The blood glucose(GLU)were increased after landing in both groups compared with before transportation and with no significant difference(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the average body weight change after transportation of the donkeys in modified vehicle group was lightly.On the 10th day after landing,the average weight of the donkeys in modified vehicles was close to that before transportation,while the average weight of the donkeys in control group was basically restored as before transportation on the 20th day after landing.It means that the use of the modified vehicles could significantly promote weight recovery.Statistics of the donkey’s morbidity and mortality of the two groups indicated that the incidence of donkeys was 21.4%in control group and 7.1%in modified vehicles.No donkey died in both two groups.The results showed that the transformation of transport vehicle affected the stress of donkeys,which was of great significance to the protection of their health,and could provide reference for increasing animal welfare and reducing economic losses against tranportation stress.