中国与美国、欧盟、日本和CAC猪组织中兽药残留限量标准的对比研究

为便于中国兽药残留标准的改进和相关法规体系的建立提供参考，同时为中国畜产品贸易提供数据参考，保障人们的饮食安全，促进中国畜产品经济的更好发展，本研究首先对中国新国标GB 31650-2019《食品安全国家标准食品中兽药最大残留限量》中规定的猪组织中兽药残留种类和兽药最大残留限量（MRLs）标准进行了简单分析；然后对美国、欧盟、日本和食品法典委员会（CAC）规定的猪组织中兽药残留种类和兽药MRLs标准与中国新国标进行对比，通过对规定兽药总数、中国没有规定而其他标准有规定的兽药种类、其他标准严于中国标准的兽药种类等几项内容的比较，找出差异。结果显示，中国新国标做出了更加详细的补充和修改；从整体上来看，中国规定的猪组织中兽药MRLs标准越来越完善，大部分标准与欧盟、美国、日本和CAC规定标准的差距也越来越小，然而在部分种类兽药MRLs标准的规定方面和这些国家或组织仍有一定的差距。中国需加强与各个发达国家和组织的交流与合作，推进中国的兽药残留标准的发展，加快对动物产品质量安全标准的更新。

Comparative Study of Veterinary Drug Residue Limit Standards for Pig Tissues in China,USA,EU,Japan and CAC

The purpose of this study was to facilitate the improvement of Chinese veterinary drug residue standards and the establishment of relevant regulatory system,and provide data reference for China’s animal product trade,ensure people’s food safety,and promote the better development of China’s animal product economy.Firstly,the types of veterinary drug residues in pig tissues and the standards of veterinary drug maximum residue limits(MRLs)specified in the new national standard GB 31650-2019“National Food Safety Standards Maximum Residue Limits of Veterinary Drugs in Food”was analyzed.Then compared the veterinary drug residue types and veterinary drug MRLs standards in pig tissues specified by the United States,the European Union,Japan and Codex Alimentarius Commission(CAC)with the new national standards.The total number of veterinary drugs,the types of veterinary drugs that were not specified in China but were specified in other standards,and the types of veterinary drugs with other standards that were stricter than Chinese standards were compared to find out difference.The results showed that the new national standards had made more detailed supplements and amendments.On the whole,the MRLs of veterinary drugs in pig tissues stipulated by China were becoming more and more complete,and most of the standards were in line with those specified by the European Union,the United States,Japan and CAC.The gap was getting smaller and smaller.However,there was still a certain gap with these countries or organization in terms of the MRLs for certain types of veterinary drugs.China needed to strengthen exchanges and cooperation with various developed countries and organization,to promote the development of China’s veterinary drug residue standards,and accelerate the update of animal product quality and safety standards.