唾液乳酸杆菌TCSL1对幼犬生长性能、血液学与血清生化指标及肠道健康的影响

本研究旨在评价唾液乳酸杆菌TCSL1对犬生长性能、血液学与血清生化指标及肠道健康的影响，为研发犬用益生菌制剂奠定基础。选取24只6周龄左右的健康中华田园犬，随机分为4组，每组6只。试验组按低（5×10⁶ CFU/mL）、中（5×10⁸ CFU/mL）、高（5×10¹⁰ CFU/mL）剂量分别口服唾液乳酸杆菌TCSL1，对照组口服生理盐水，进行为期28 d的喂养试验。试验期间，定期观察并记录犬的行为、饮食和腹泻情况，28 d后分别称重，计算犬体重增长量。采集血液样品检测血液学、血清生化、肠道屏障与炎性细胞因子指标；采集粪便检测分泌型球蛋白sIgA含量和肠道主要细菌数量。结果表明，①与对照组相比，试验组均能促进犬体重的增长，降低腹泻率，与口服剂量呈正相关。淋巴细胞数、红细胞数、免疫球蛋白和碱性磷酸酶含量等均有升高趋势，丙氨酸氨基转氨酶和尿素氮等含量呈降低趋势，组间差异显著（P<0.05）；②随口服唾液乳酸杆菌剂量的增加，试验组血清中的二胺氧化酶（DAO）、D-乳酸（D-lactic acid）和脂多糖（LPS）等肠道屏障指示因子含量显著下降（P<0.05）；③试验组血清促炎细胞因子TNF-α和IL-6含量显著降低（P<0.05），抗炎细胞因子TGF-β1和IL-10含量则显著升高（P<0.05）；④试验组粪便中的分泌型免疫球蛋白sIgA含量显著增加（P<0.05），大肠杆菌和肠球菌数量显著下降（P<0.05），乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的数量显著增加（P<0.05）。以上结果表明，口服唾液乳酸杆菌TCSL1可改善幼犬生长性能、增强肠道健康，降低腹泻率，以每天5×10¹⁰ CFU/mL剂量口服效果最佳。

The Effects of Lactobacillus salivarius TCSL1 on Growth Performance,Hematology, Serum Biochemical Indexes and Intestinal Health in Puppies

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus salivarius TCSL1 on the growth performance,hematology and serum biochemical indexes and intestinal health of puppies,which was to lay a foundation for the research and development of probiotics for puppies.24 healthy six-week-old Chinese garden dogs were randomly divided into 4 groups,6 dogs were in each group.The experimental groups were fed with low (5×10⁶ CFU/mL),medium (5×10⁸ CFU/mL) and high dose (5×10¹⁰ CFU/mL) Lactobacillus salivarius TCSL1 orally for 28 days,respectively.At the same time,the control group took saline orally for 28 days.During the experiment,the behavior,diet and diarrhea were observed and recorded regularly.After 28 d,dogs were weighed respectively to calculate the gained weight.Blood samples were collected to detect hematology,serum biochemistry,intestinal barrier and inflammatory cytokines.Feces were collected to detect the content of secretory immunoglobulin sIgA and the number of main intestinal bacteria.The results showed that compared with the control group,all the experimental groups could promote the weight growth of puppies,reduced the diarrhea rate,and had a positive correlation with the oral dose.The number of lymphocyte,erythrocyte,immunoglobulin and alkaline phosphatase content increased,while alanine transaminase and creatinine decreased,but there were significant differences between the groups (P<0.05).With the increase of oral Lactobacillus salivarius dose,the content of intestinal barrier indicator factors such as diamine oxidase (DAO),D-lactate and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the serum of the experimental groups showed a significant decrease (P<0.05).The contents of TNF-α and IL-6 in serum of the experimental groups decreased significantly (P<0.05),while the contents of TGF-β1 and IL-10 increased significantly (P<0.05).The content of secretory of immunoglobulin sIgA in the feces of the experimental groups increased significantly (P<0.05),the number of coliform and Enterococcus in the feces of the experimental groups decreased significantly (P<0.05),the number of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium increased significantly (P<0.05).The above results showed that the oral Lactobacillus salivarius TCSL1 could improve the growth performance of puppies,enhanced the intestinal health and reduced the frequency of diarrhea.5×10¹⁰ CFU/mL per day of the oral Lactobacillus salivarius TCSL1 had the best effect.