RNA干扰及其抗口蹄疫病毒复制的研究进展

RNA干扰（RNA interference，RNAi）是指由双链RNA（double strand RNA，dsRNA）介导的序列特异性RNA降解作用。已经证明，在植物和昆虫细胞中RNAi是其主要的抗病毒机制，但迄今为止，几乎没有发现哺乳动物细胞感染病毒后能自发诱导有效的抗病毒RNAi反应。为此，通过人工方法在哺乳动物细胞中建立有效的抗病毒RNAi便成了国内外学者孜孜探索的重要抗病毒策略之一。目前，RNAi的分子机制及其功能仍然有待更加深入地研究与阐明，但它作为一种反向遗传学手段已经在基因组结构与功能研究中得到广泛运用，不仅在抗多种哺乳动物病毒的研究方面取得了令人振奋的结果，而且已作为一种治疗策略运用于人类抵抗重大遗传性和病毒性疾病的研究当中。笔者对RNAi的分子机制，及其抗口蹄疫病毒复制的相关研究进展作了有关介绍。

RNA Interference and its Application in FMDV

RNA interference refers to the inhibition of gene expression by dsRNA.RNAi has been proved as an antiviral mechanism in plants and insects instead of animals,people made great efforts to establish an efficaciously antiviral strategy in mammalians and have gained many exciting results.At present,although there is more to RNAi than we can yet fathom,it has been extensively used as a reverse genetic tool to explore gene function as well as a therapeutic strategy against important human genetic diseases or vira...