11株瘤胃源芽孢杆菌生理学特性研究

试验对已筛选的11株瘤胃源芽孢杆菌的产酶活力、耐酸、耐胆盐和抑菌活性及菌株间相容性进行研究。采用3，5-二硝基水杨酸法（DNS法）测定纤维素酶的活力，涂布平板计数法测定菌株的耐酸性、耐胆盐等特性，牛津杯法测定抑菌活性，滤纸片法进行室内相容性试验。结果显示，菌株T-2、T-3和T-10产纤维素酶的酶活力较高；菌株T-2、T-5、T-7、T-8和T-9表现较强的耐酸能力；菌株T-4、T-5、T-9和T-11表现较强的耐胆盐能力。菌株T-4和T-7对副溶血弧菌的抑菌活性较强，T-7对产气杆菌的抑菌活性最强，T-5、T-9、T-10对大肠杆菌抑菌活性较强，而T-3对藤黄八叠球菌指示菌的抑菌性最强。室内相容性试验结果表明，11株芽孢杆菌部分菌株之间存在颉颃作用，由此筛选出优良菌株的复配组合，抑菌可能的最优复配组合为T-3、T-4、T-5；T-3、T-4、T-10；T-4、T-5、T-10；T-3、T-7、T-10。纤维素酶活力较强时可能的最优复配组合为T-2、T-3、T-5；T-2、T-3、T-10；T-2、T-5、T-10；T-3、T-5、T-6；T-3、T-5、T-10。本试验可为动物饲料的研究和开发提供一定的参考依据。

Biological Characteristics of Eleven Bacillus Strains from Rumen

The biological characteristics of eleven Bacillus strains from rumen were studied,including the activity of produced enzyme,the endurance to acid and bile salt,the activity of antibacteria and the compatibility.3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid colorimetric method (DNS method) was used to determine the enzyme activity,acid resisting test and bile salt resisting test were conducted by plate spreading method,antibacterial activity was determiend by Oxford cup method,and while indoor compatibility experiment was studied by filter paper method.The results showed that the activity of cellulase produced by T-2,T-3 and T-10 were higher;T-2,T-5,T-7,T-8 and T-9 had stronger acid resistance;T-4,T-5,T-9 and T-11 had stronger ability of bile salt-tolerance;T-4 and T-7 had stronger antibacterial activity against Vibrio parahaemolyticus,and T-7 had strongest antibacterial activity against Aerogenes,T-5,T-9 and T-10 had stronger antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and T-3 had strongest antibacterial activity against Sarcina lutea.Indoor compatibility experiments showed that there were antagonistic effects among some strains of eleven Bacillus strains.The combinations of the selected strains for bacteriostat were T-3,T-4,T-5;T-3,T-4,T-10;T-4,T-5,T-10;T-3,T-7,T-10.The combinations of the selected strains for higher cellulase activities were T-2,T-3,T-5;T-2,T-3,T-10;T-2,T-5,T-10;T-3,T-5,T-6;T-3,T-5,T-10.The results could provide some references for the research and development of animal feed.