乏情和发情初产母猪卵巢microRNA差异表达分析

为了探索卵巢microRNA （miRNA）在初产母猪生殖调控中的作用，本研究利用Illumina高通量测序技术检测了乏情和发情初产母猪卵巢miRNA的表达谱，并对表达量较高且差异显著的miRNA进行生物信息学分析。结果显示，本研究构建的两个small RNA文库共鉴定出503个miRNAs，其中已知的303个，新预测的200个。在已知的miRNA中，ssc-miR-10b在两个文库中的表达量最高，其次为ssc-miR-143-3p和ssc-miR-26a；在新预测的miRNA中，chr13_2637_mature在两个文库中的表达量最高，其次为chr8_9994_mature。与发情母猪相比，共有145个miRNAs发生显著变化（read counts>10，∣log₂（fold-change）∣>1），上调114个，下调31个。在进一步筛选的31个表达量较高且差异显著的miRNAs（read counts>1 000，∣log₂（fold-change）∣>1）中，新预测的chr13_2585_mature上调倍数最高，且只在乏情母猪卵巢中表达。31个miRNAs共预测到7 388个靶基因，KEGG信号通路分析显示，有2 788个靶基因注释到了297个KEGG通路，前20个最富集的通路部分与生殖过程或生殖活动调控相关，表明这31个miRNAs参与了初产母猪的生殖调控。本研究结果丰富了猪miRNA数据资源，为进一步深入研究初产母猪的繁殖性能提供了理论依据。

Analysis on Differentially Expressed microRNA in Ovaries of Anestrous and Estrous Primiparous Sows

To explore the role of ovarian microRNA (miRNA) in regulating the reproductive process in primiparous sows,the miRNA expression profiles were examined using Illumina high-throughout sequencing.The miRNA with high expression and significant difference were analyzed by bioinformatics methods.The results showed that a total of 503 miRNAs were detected in two small RNA libraries,which included 303 known and 200 novel miRNAs.The 3 most highly expressed miRNAs in known miRNAs were ssc-miR-10b,ssc-miR-143-3p and ssc-miR-26a in two small RNA libraries.The highest specific expressed miRNAs in novel miRNAs was chr13_2637_mature,followed by chr8_9994_mature.Compared with estrous primiparous sows,a total of 145 differentially expressed miRNAs (read counts>10,|log₂(fold-change)|>1),including 114 upregulated miRNAs and 31 downregulated miRNAs were identified.31 differentially expressed miRNAs (read counts>1 000,∣log₂(fold-change)∣>1) were further screened.In these miRNAs,chr13_2585_mature was the highest-upregulated,and was discovered only in the ovary of anestrous primiparous sows.Furthermore,7 388 target genes were predicted from 31 miRNAs.KEGG pathway analyses showed that a total of 2 788 target genes were annotated to 297 pathways,and the top 20 most significantly enriched pathways were involved in reproductive processes,suggesting the 31 miRNAs played a crucial role in the reproductive process of primiparous sows.These results enriched the porcine miRNA database and provided useful information for further research about the reproductive performance of primiparous sows.