丁酸梭菌的功能性研究进展及其在畜禽生产中的应用

丁酸梭菌（Clostridium butyricum）又名丁酸梭状芽孢杆菌、酪酸梭菌，是一种产丁酸、乳酸和乙酸的厌氧异养的革兰氏阳性芽孢杆菌，具有耐高温、耐酸和耐多种抗生素等生物学特性。丁酸梭菌定植于畜禽肠道，可抑制肠道有害菌的生长，同时促进有益菌的增殖，有效提高畜禽对营养物质的消化吸收及其抵抗力，进而提高畜禽养殖经济效益。丁酸梭菌存在于土壤或健康动物的粪便中，具有绿色、无残留、安全性好，以及稳定性及耐药性强等特点，是一种具有广泛开发潜力的绿色添加剂。作者主要介绍了丁酸梭菌的特性，简述了其对畜禽肠道形态、肠道屏障、肠道菌群、免疫等方面的影响，回顾了近十年来丁酸梭菌在畜禽生产中的应用进展，并探讨了其在生产应用中的问题，以期为丁酸梭菌的进一步应用提供理论依据。

Clostridium butyricum: Research Progress on Biological Function and Application in Livestock and Poultry Production

Clostridium butyricum is an anaerobic heterotrophic gram-positive Bacillus,which produces butyric acid,lactic acid and acetic acid.Clostridium butyricum has the biological characteristics of heat resistance,acid resistance and tolerance to various antibiotics.Clostridium butyricum is a kind of green additive with extensive development potential which can be colonized in the intestines of livestock and poultry,inhibit the growth of intestinal harmful bacteria and promote the multiplication of beneficial bacteria,can effectively improve the digestion and absorption of nutrients and the immunity of livestock and poultry,increase the economic benefit of livestock and poultry breeding.Clostridium butyricum can be found in soil or healthy animals feces,which is green,non-polluting and no residue additive with extensive development potential to protect the animals health.This paper introduced the biochemical characteristics of Clostridium butyricum,summarized its effects on intestinal morphology,intestinal barrier,intestinal flora,and immunity of livestock and poultry.The research looked back on the application progress of Clostridium butyricum in livestock and poultry production in recent ten years,and discussed the problems in the practical application in order to provide references for further exploitation of Clostridium butyricum using in animal safety production.