藏草乌水煎提取液体外杀灭羊虱蝇药效及皮肤毒性试验研究

试验旨在研究藏草乌的水煎提取液在体外杀灭羊虱蝇的药效作用及其皮肤毒性、刺激性、过敏性试验，为藏草乌的开发利用和临床应用提供理论依据。将1%、2%、4%、8%、10%藏草乌水煎提取液分别滴于衬有吸水纸和羊虱蝇的平皿中，在1、2、4、8 h时分别观察其对羊虱蝇的杀灭情况。取相同剂量1%、2%藏草乌水煎提取液均匀涂于大白兔的完整皮肤和破损皮肤，进行皮肤毒性、刺激性和过敏性试验。结果显示，给药1 h后各浓度的藏草乌水煎提取液及阳性对照组均出现了不同程度的羊虱蝇杀灭效果，4 h后阳性对照组杀灭率为100%，8 h时，1%、2%藏草乌水煎提取液杀灭率达到70%，而2%藏草乌水煎提取液较1%药物组杀灭羊虱蝇效果好；皮肤毒性试验显示，大白兔皮肤无红斑、水肿，体重变化正常；皮肤刺激性试验结果显示，藏草乌提取液对大白兔皮肤无刺激性；皮肤致敏反应结果表明，藏草乌提取液对大白兔不具有致敏性。综上所述，藏草乌水煎提取液具有良好的体外杀灭羊虱蝇作用，且皮肤用药安全。

Study on the Efficacy and Toxicity of Aconitum Extract on Melophagus ovinus in vitro

The study was aimed to determine the efficacy and toxicity of Aconitum extract on Melophagus ovinus and it's skin toxicity,irritation and allergy in vitro,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the development,utilization and clinical application of Tibetan Aconitum.1%,2%,4%,8% and 10% Tibetan Aconitum extract were dropped in plates lined with absorbent paper and Melophagus ovinus to observe the killing efficacy on Melophagus ovinus at 1,2,4,8 h,respectively.The same dose of 1%,2% Tibetan Aconitum extract was taken to apply evenly in rabbits intact and damaged skin to detect the skin toxicity,irritation and allergy of Tibetan Aconitum extract.The results showed that at 1 h after administration,all drug groups and positive control group showed a kill effect on Melophagus ovinus in the different levels,and at 4 h after administration,the killing rate of positive control group was 100%,while that was 70% of 1% and 2% Tibetan Aconitum extract groups at 8 h with 2% drug dose showed the better effect.The skin toxicity test showed that rabbits skin had no erythema and edema,the body weight was normal,and the skin irritation test showed that the extract had no irritation to rabbits skin,while the results of skin allergy showed the it had no allergy to rabbits.In conclusion,Tibetan Aconitum extract had the good killing effects on Melophagus ovinus in vitro,and the skin medication was safe.