长途运输应激对西门塔尔牛体重、血液生化指标和细胞因子含量的影响

为研究长途运输应激对西门塔尔牛体重、血液生化指标和细胞因子含量的影响，随机选取12头、平均体重（292.1±38.2）kg的西门塔尔牛，在最高气温30℃下，经过36 h、1 450 km的敞篷卡车运输，运输前后称重并采集颈静脉血样，测定其体重及血液生化指标的变化情况。结果表明：①与运输前体重相比，经36 h、1 450 km运输后，试验牛平均体重极显著降低（P<0.01），由292.1 kg降低到262.8 kg，体重损失10.03%。②与运输前相比，运输36 h时西门塔尔牛血清皮质醇（COR）含量显著提高（P<0.05）、血糖（GLU）水平极显著增高（P<0.01），运输后7~14 d下降到运输前水平（P>0.05）；运输应激对血清胆固醇水平无显著影响（P>0.05）。③运输应激极显著提高了西门塔尔牛血清C-反应蛋白（CRP）含量（P<0.01），显著提高血清白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、γ-干扰素（IFN-γ）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的含量（P<0.05），运输后7~14 d下降到运输前或更低水平（P>0.05）；运输应激对血清白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）含量无显著影响（P>0.05）。综上所述，长途运输可显著降低肉牛的体重和抑制机体免疫机能，经长途运输后的西门塔尔牛需要约14 d的恢复期。

Effects of Long-distance Transportation Stress on the Body Weight,Blood Biochemical Indexes and Cytokine Contents of Simmental Cattle

In order to investigate the effects of long-distance transportation stress on body weight,blood biochemical indexes and cytokine contents of Simmental cattle.12 head of (292.1±38.2)kg average body weight of Simmental cattle were transported for 36 h and 1 450 km at 30℃ of maximum air temperature by open-topped truck.Blood samples from jugular vein were collected for the determination of the blood biochemical indexes and body weight was measured before and after transportation.The results showed as follows:①The body weight of Simmental cattle was extremely significantly decreased from 292.1 kg to 262.8 kg after transport for 36 h and 1 450 km (P<0.01),of which the lossing was 10.03% of the original body weight.②Transportation stress significantly increased the serum cortisol level (P<0.05),extremely significantly elevated the serum glucose level (P<0.01),and they was decreased to the original level at 7 to 14 d after transportation.But transportation stress did not significantly affect the blood cholesterol level (P>0.05).③Transportation stress extremely significantly increased the serum C-reactive protein content (P<0.01).The contents of serum IL-6,IFN-γ and TNF-α were significantly increased after transportation (P<0.05),and they was decreased to the original level at 7 to 14 d after transportation.But the content of IL-1β in serum was not significantly affected (P>0.05).In conclusion,long-distance transportation could significantly decrease the body weight and inhibit the body immune function of Simmental cattle.It was necessary for Simmental cattle to have the recovery period of 14 days after long-distance transportation.