MAP3K5基因在畜禽剩余采食量表型调控中的研究进展

随着分子遗传学的发展，已经鉴定出了影响剩余采食量（RFI）的大量数量性状位点和候选基因。有丝分裂原活化蛋白3激酶5（MAP3K5），也称凋亡信号调节激酶1（ASK1），属于MAPK超家族基因之一。目前，已有细胞外信号调节蛋白激酶（ERK）、c-Jun N-末端激酶（JNK）和p38丝裂原激活蛋白激酶（p38-MAPK）这3个MAPK家族成员在哺乳动物细胞中被克隆和鉴定，其主要作用机制是介导3条MAPKs信号通路，从而影响家畜的生长、体型及产奶性状等。课题组在前期对RFI的研究中筛选出与牛剩余采食量相关的MAP3K5基因，但其功能作用尚不明确，笔者在此基础上回顾了该基因的结构、生物学功能，概述了该基因在主要畜禽采食量变异及人类肥胖表型中的功能及作用，并从遗传学的角度重点分析了MAP3K5基因在畜禽RFI表型调控中的可能机制。通过对MAP3K5基因在畜禽RFI表型调控中的研究进展进行综述，期望为后期深入开展MAP3K5基因在畜禽采食量性状调控中的分子机制研究提供思路；对于其他可能通过MAP3K5基因影响畜禽表型的因素（如肠道菌群）有待进一步探讨。

Research Progress of MAP3K5 Gene in the Regulation of Residual Feed Intake Phenotype in Livestock

With the development of molecular genetics,a large number of quantitative trait sites and candidate genes that affect residual feed intake (RFI) have been identified.Mitogen-activated protein kinase 5 (MAP3K5),also known as apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1),is one of the MAPK super family genes.Currently,there are extracellula signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK),c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-active protein kinase (p38-MAPK) the three members of the MAPK family were cloned and identified in mammalian cells,and their main biological mechanism was to mediate three MAPKs signaling pathways,thus affecting the growth,body size and milk production traits of livestock.In previous study of the residual feed intake in cattle,we screened out the MAP3K5 gene related to cattle RFI.Although the function of the MAP3K5 gene in cattle was not clear currently.Based on this,this article reviewed the structure and biological function of the gene,summarized the function and role of the gene in the main livestock and poultry feed intake variation and human obesity phenotype,and analyzed the MAP3K5 gene from the perspective of genetics.Possible mechanisms in the regulation of RFI phenotype in livestock and poultry.By reviewing the research progress of MAP3K5 gene in the regulation of livestock and poultry RFI phenotype,it was hoped to provide ideas for further research on the molecular mechanism of MAP3K5 gene in the regulation of livestock and poultry feed intake traits.For other possible effects of MAP3K5 gene on livestock and poultry phenotypic factors (such as intestinal flora) need to be further explored.