湖南省畜禽粪污排放量估算与环境效应

了解湖南省畜禽粪便及其污染物排泄情况,为畜禽养殖业污染物防控与治理提供依据。本论文以《2011湖南农村统计年鉴》中畜禽出栏数作为统计基数,根据畜禽粪便排放系数和粪污含量,估测了2011年湖南省畜禽粪污排泄情况。结果表明,2011年湖南省畜禽粪便产生总量为6680.29万t,COD 327.49万t,BOD 302.39万t,NH₃-N 26.04万t,总磷30.78万t,总氮64.45万t;畜禽粪便中重金属排泄量分别为Zn 3802.54 t,Cu 2772.43 t,Cr 335.67 t,Pb 265.06 t,Cd 51.11 t,Ni 240.60 t,As 47.63 t,Hg 2.16 t;2011年湖南省畜禽粪便发酵生产沼气总量约为572088万m³。畜禽养殖业粪污排泄量巨大,危害之大,应坚持减量化、无害化和资源化三原则,倡导畜牧健康养殖理念。

The Estimation of the Production Amount of Livestock and Poultry Manure and its Environmental Effect in Hunan Province

The objective of this experiment was to understand the pollution status of livestock and poultry breeding in Hunan province, to provide theoretical basis for its prevention and control. According to the excretion parameter of animal and Hunan rural statistical yearbook of 2011, to estimate the production amount of livestock and poultry manure in the year 2011 in Hunan province. The results showed that the amount of livestock and poultry manure in the year 2011 in Hunan province was 6680.29 million tons, the amount of COD, BOD, NH₃-N, TP, TN were 327.49 million tons, 302.39 million tons, 26.04 million tons, 30.78 million tons, 64.45 million tons, respectively. The amount of zinc, copper, chromium, lead, cadmium, nickel, arsenic, mercury were 3802.54 tons, 2772.43 tons, 335.67 tons, 265.06 tons, 51.11 tons, 240.60 tons, 47.63 tons, 2.16 tons, respectively. The amount of marsh gas was about 572088 million cubic meters from the animal manure of 2011. The amount of livestock and poultry manure was huge quantity, the pollution was serious, the reduction, harmlessness, resources were the measures and methods of animal manure.