3个鸡群体中4个微卫星DNA多态性及其与杂种优势的关系

利用4个微卫星标记（ADL101、MCW020、ADL183、ADL298）对玫瑰冠鸡、新罗曼鸡和安卡红鸡的等位基因频率、群体多态信息含量、有效等位基因数、杂合度和遗传距离进行了遗传检测，并测定了玫瑰冠鸡与安卡红鸡及新罗曼鸡的杂交效果。结果表明，4个微卫星标记在玫瑰冠鸡、安卡红鸡和新罗曼鸡3个群体中存在多态性，可以用于鸡遗传多样性的评估；从不同的群体来看，安卡红肉鸡遗传变异程度最大，而玫瑰冠鸡的遗传变异程度相对较小；玫瑰冠鸡与安卡红鸡的遗传距离大于其与新罗曼鸡的遗传距离，玫瑰冠鸡与安卡红鸡的杂种优势高于与新罗曼鸡的杂种优势，与实际杂种优势测定结果相符。

Genetic Polymorphism of 4 Microsatellites DNA in 3 Chicken Populations and Relationship with Heterosis

Gene frequency,polymorphism information contents,number of effective alleles,heterozygosity and genetic distances were studied in Rose Crown,New Romain and Anka using four microsatellite markers(ADL101,MCW020,ADL183,ADL298).The crossing effects on Rose Crown and Anka with New Romain were tested.The results indicated that there are genetic polymorphisms at four microsatellite markers in three crown population.Four microsatellite markers can be used for genetic diversity evaluation in crown population.The genetic variability of Anka is the highest,and Rose Crown is the lowest in three crown population.Genetic distances between Rose Crown and Anka is bigger than that between Rose Crown and New Romain.The heterosis between Rose Crown and Anka is higher than that between Rose Crown and New Romain.It accords with testing results on actual heterosis.