4味常见中药对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能及肠道菌群的影响

试验旨在研究4味中药对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能和肠道菌群的影响，选取70只6周龄雌性昆明小鼠（18~20 g），随机分为7组，分别为空白对照组、模型组、玉屏风组、乌梅组、蒲公英组、党参组、石榴皮组。采用环磷酰胺（cyclophosphamide，Cy）构建免疫抑制病理模型，从喂药的第3天起，2~7组以75 mg/kg体重腹腔注射Cy，每隔1天注射1次，共注射4次，注射期间正常给药，模型组灌胃0.9%生理盐水，直至停止注射Cy的第2天，共给药7 d。检测4味中药对免疫抑制小鼠体重、脾脏和胸腺指数、血液指标、分泌型免疫球蛋白A（sIgA）、IgG及肠道菌群的影响。结果显示，与模型组相比，党参、乌梅、蒲公英、石榴皮可显著提高免疫抑制小鼠体重（P < 0.05），其中乌梅组效果最好；显著提高免疫抑制小鼠免疫器官指数（P < 0.05），但不能达到正常水平，其中蒲公英组脾脏指数最高；各中药组可提高白细胞数目（WBC）、显著提高红细胞数目（RBC）（P < 0.05），但不能达到正常水平；各中药组可显著提高免疫球蛋白数量（P < 0.05），党参组sIgA、IgG显著高于空白对照组（P < 0.05），且和玉屏风组差异不显著（P > 0.05）；各中药组可显著降低大肠杆菌数量（P < 0.05），显著增加双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌数量（P < 0.05），提高免疫抑制小鼠肠道菌群的丰富性和多样性，其中党参和蒲公英组小鼠肠道菌群的丰富度和多样性较好。综上说述，乌梅、蒲公英、石榴皮、党参均能够颉颃Cy对小鼠体重、免疫功能及肠道菌群的影响，可用于免疫增强类药物的开发。

Effects of Four Kinds of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Immune Performance and Intestinal Flora in Immunosuppressed Mice

The effects of 4 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine on immune performance and intestinal flora in immunosuppressed mice were studied.70 6-week-old male Kunming mice were chosen and assigned to 7 groups:Blank control group,model group,YPF group,Fructus Mume group,Herba Taraxaci group,Codonopsis Radix group and Pericarpium Granati group.A pathological model of immunosuppression was established by cyclophosphamide (Cy).From the 3rd day of administration,75 mg/(kg·BW) Cy was intraperitoneal injected in groups 2 to 7,once every another day for 4 times.During the injection,the normal administration was continue to perform for 7 d,and 0.9% saline was administered in model group until the second day after the Cy injection was stopped.The effects of 4 traditional Chinese medicines on body weight,spleen index,thymus index,blood indicator,sIgA,IgG and intestinal flora of immunosuppressed mice were examined.The results showed that compared with model group,the body weight of immunosuppressed mice were significantly increased by Fructus Mume,Herba Taraxaci,Codonopsis Radix and Pericarpium Granati (P < 0.05),and the effect of Fructus Mume was the best.The immune organ index of immunosuppressed mice were significantly increased by 4 kinds of Chinese medicines (P < 0.05),but could not reach the normal level,of which the spleen index of Herba Taraxaci group was the highest.The WBC were improved and the RBC were increased significantly (P < 0.05),but could not reach the normal level.The concentration of immunoglobulin in each Chinese medicine group was increased,the sIgA and IgG in the Codonopsis Radix group were significantly higher than that in the blank control group (P < 0.05),buts no significant different with YPF group (P > 0.05).The number of Escherichia coli was significantly decreased (P < 0.05),the number of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus was significantly increased (P < 0.05) and the richness and diversity of intestinal flora of immunosuppressed mice were increased,of which the Codonopsis Radix and Herba Taraxaci groups were better.In conclusion,Fructus Mume,Herba Taraxaci,Codonopsis Radix and Pericarpium Granati could antagonize the effects of Cy on body weight,immune function and intestinal flora in mice,and could be used in the development of immune-enhancing drugs.