红曲合生元、酵母硒锗及其组合对断奶仔猪肠道结构及直肠菌群数量的影响

本试验旨在研究红曲合生元、酵母硒锗及其组合替代抗生素对断奶仔猪肠道结构及直肠菌群数量的影响。试验选用80头平均日龄（28±1） d，平均体重（7.57±0.49） kg的三元杂交断奶仔猪，随机分为4个处理组，每组5个重复，每个重复4头猪。对照组饲喂基础日粮+25 mg/kg硫酸黏杆菌素和45 mg/kg金霉素，Ⅰ组饲喂基础日粮+0.5%红曲合生元，Ⅱ组饲喂基础日粮+0.5%红曲合生元酵母硒锗复合制剂，Ⅲ组饲喂基础日粮+0.5%酵母硒锗制剂，正式试验42 d，分3个阶段。结果表明：①与对照组相比，Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组空肠黏膜超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性均极显著或显著升高（P<0.01；P<0.05）；与Ⅲ组相比，Ⅱ组空肠黏膜SOD活性、T-AOC均显著升高（P<0.05）。②与对照组相比，Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组十二指肠绒毛长度和绒毛长度/隐窝深度极显著或显著提高（P<0.01；P<0.05），Ⅱ组空肠绒毛长度/隐窝深度显著升高（P<0.05）。③试验1~14 d，与对照组相比，Ⅰ、Ⅱ组沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌数量均显著下降（P<0.05）、双歧杆菌和乳酸菌数量显著或极显著增加（P<0.05；P<0.01）。试验15~28 d，与对照组相比，Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组乳酸菌数量极显著或显著增加（P<0.01；P<0.05）。以上结果表明，与抗生素、红曲合生元及酵母硒锗制剂相比，复合制剂可有效改善肠道组织结构和直肠菌群结构，提高肠道健康水平。

Effect of Monascus Synbiotic,Yeast-Selenium-Germanium Culture and Their Compound Preparation on Gut Structure and Rectal Flora of Weaned Piglets

This experiment was aimed to study the effects of Monascus synbiotic, yeast-selenium-germanium culture and their compound preparation instead of antibiotics on gut structure and rectal flora of weaned piglets.Eighty healthy piglets ((7.57±0.49) kg) were randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates each group and 4 piglets each replicate.The control group was fed basal diet with 25 mg/kg colistin sulfate and 45 mg/kg chlortetracycline and groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were fed basic diet with 0.5% Monascus synbiotics, 0.5% Monascus synbiotics and yeast-selenium-germanium culture compound, 0.5% yeast-selenium-germanium culture, respectively.The test period was 42 d with 3 stages.The results showed that:①Compared with the control group, the activities of SOD and GSH-Px, T-AOC of the jejunum mucosa in the groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were extremely significantly or significantly increased (P<0.01;P<0.05).Compared with the group Ⅲ, the SOD activity and T-AOC of the jejunum mucosa in group Ⅱ were significantly increased (P<0.05).②Compared with the control group, the villus length and the V/C of the duodenum in the group Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were extremely significantly or significantly increased (P<0.01;P<0.05).And the V/C of jejunum in group Ⅱ was significantly increased (P<0.05).③At 1-14 d, compared with the control group, the number of Salmonella and E.coli in the groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were significantly decreased (P<0.05).The number of Bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria showed a significant or extremely significant increase (P<0.05;P<0.01).At 15-28 d, compared with the control group, the number of lactic acid bacteria in groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ was extremely significant or significantly increased (P<0.01;P<0.05).In conclusion, compared with antibiotics, Monascus synbiotics or yeast-selenium-germanium culture, their compound preparation could effectively improve the intestinal tissue structure and intestinal flora of weaned pigs.