犬冠状病毒诊断技术研究进展

犬冠状病毒（canine coronavirus，CCoV）是导致犬胃肠道疾病的常见病原，与其他肠道病原共同感染时犬死亡率显著升高，严重影响养犬业的健康发展。快速、灵敏和特异的诊断技术对该病的防控起到至关重要的作用。除临床诊断外，常见的CCoV实验室诊断技术主要有病毒分离培养、电镜观察及血清学诊断技术，然而这些技术往往耗时长且工作量较大，分子诊断技术主要包括普通RT-PCR、实时荧光定量RT-PCR、纳米PCR等检测方法，这些诊断技术在准确性、敏感性及特异性上有极大提高，诊断效率也显著提高。近年来，随着分子免疫诊断技术与新型材料研发技术的迅速发展，新的检测方法应运而生，纳米金、核酸探针、芯片技术及纳米生物传感器等技术更加敏感、便捷、高效且都具有制备试剂盒的可能性，从而在诊断上具有简洁性和普适性。文章将针对CCoV的诊断技术进行全面综述，以期为CCoV诊断试剂的研发提供参考。

Research Progress on Diagnostic Techniques of Canine Coronavirus

Canine coronavirus (CCoV) is a common pathogen that causes gastrointestinal diseases in dogs,especially when co-infection with other intestinal pathogens,the mortality rate increases significantly,seriously affecting the healthy development of the canine industry.Fast,sensitive and specific diagnostic techniques play a vital role in the prevention and control of the disease.In addition to clinical diagnosis,the common CCoV laboratory diagnostic techniques mainly include virus isolation culture,electro-mirror observation and serological diagnostic techniques,however,these technologies often take a long time and a large workload,molecular diagnostic techniques mainly include ordinary RT-PCR,Real-time quantitative RT-PCR,nano PCR and other detection methods,these diagnostic techniques are greatly improved in accuracy,sensitivity,specificity and diagnostic efficiency.In recent years,with the rapid development of molecular immunodiagnostic technology and new materials development technology,new detection methods have emerged,nano antibody gold,nucleic acid probe,chip technology,and nano-biosensors and other technologies strive to be more sensitive,convenient,efficient and have the possibility of preparation kits,so as to be diagnostic concise and universal.This paper will provide a comprehensive review of the diagnostic techniques of CCoV,in order to provide reference for the development of CCoV diagnostic reagents.