不同用途马肢体各部位比例差异性分析研究

本试验通过测定纯血马×伊犁马、奥尔洛夫马×伊犁马、俄罗斯速步马×伊犁马和汉诺威马4个类型马细分体尺，并计算各体尺比例及体尺指数等指标，分析各体尺、体尺指数及各比例差异性。结果表明，在体高、体长、胸围、管围、颈长、肱骨长、背长、腰椎长、尻长、尻高、股骨长和胫骨长等体尺方面，纯血马×伊犁马、奥尔洛夫马×伊犁马、俄罗斯速步马×伊犁马均极显著低于汉诺威马（P<0.01）；体躯指数方面，纯血马×伊犁马显著高于奥尔洛夫马×伊犁马（P<0.05）；肱骨长/背长、股骨长/背长和胫骨长/背长方面，纯血马×伊犁马、奥尔洛夫马×伊犁马、俄罗斯速步马×伊犁马均极显著低于汉诺威马（P<0.01）；奥尔洛夫马×伊犁马和俄罗斯速步马×伊犁马之间所有指标差异均不显著（P>0.05）。本试验结果表明不同用途马匹体型结构具有一定差异性，为不同用途马匹的培育提供数据参考。

Difference Analysis of Body Proportion in Different Uses Horse Breeds

Measuring subsection body measurements of Thoroughbred×Yili horses,Orlov trotter×Yili horses,Russia trotter×Yili horses and Hanoverian horse,and calculated the proportion and index,analysing differences in each body measurement,index and proportion.The results showed that the body height,body length,chest circumference,cannon bone circumference,neck length,humerus length,back length,lumbar spine,rump length,rump high,thighbone length and tibiae length of Thoroughbred×Yili horses,Orlov trotter×Yili horses and Russia trotter×Yili horses were extremely significantly lower than Hanoverian horse (P<0.01),the trunk index of Thoroughbred×Yili horse was significantly higher than Orlov trotter×Yili horses (P<0.05),the humerus length/back length,thighbone length/back length and tibiae length/back length of Thoroughbred×Yili horses,Orlov trotter×Yili horses and Russia trotter×Yili horses were extremely significantly lower than Hanoverian horse (P<0.01),all body measurements of Orlov trotter×Yili horses had no significant difference with Russia trotter×Yili horses (P>0.05).The experiment results showed that the difference in body structure of horses for different uses could provide data reference for breeding these horses.