不同动物源大肠杆菌的耐药性调查

为了解畜禽源大肠杆菌的耐药状况,2011—2012年从患病和健康食品动物中分离鉴定大肠杆菌935株,包括健康猪源606株、患病猪源114株、患病鸡源51株、患病水禽源(鸭和鹅)164株。试验采用琼脂稀释法测定了不同动物来源的大肠杆菌对15种抗菌药物的敏感性。结果发现,大肠杆菌耐药严重,对大部分药物的耐药率超过70.0%,其中氨苄西林、复方新诺明和四环素的耐药率均达到了80.0%以上;仅对头孢西丁、黏菌素和阿米卡星较敏感,但患病水禽源大肠杆菌对阿米卡星的耐药率达到了52.4%,明显高于其他动物。健康畜禽源大肠杆菌对多数抗菌药的耐药率低于患病畜禽源大肠杆菌,表明抗菌药物的使用增加了病原菌对第3代头孢类药物和氟喹诺酮类药物的耐药率,势必增加临床治疗难度。

Investigation of Antibiotic Resistance among Escherichia coli Isolated from Different Animals

To determine the resistance of Escherichia coli strains to kinds of antimicrobials, a total of 935 Escherichia coli isolates were collected from diseased and healthy food-producing animals during 2011 to 2012, which contained 606 E.coli strains from healthy swine, 114 from diseased swine, 51 from diseased chicken and 164 from diseased water fowl(duck and goose).The susceptibility of 935 isolates to 15 antimicrobials were determined by agar dilution method. The results showed that the resistance of the isolates was serious.The resistance rates to most of the antimicrobials were over 70.0%, especially ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and tetracycline, with resistance rates of over 80.0%. There was a relative low frequency of cefoxitin, colistin and amikacin among these isolates, except that the resistance rate(52.4%) to amikacin in Escherichia coli from diseased water fowl was higher than other animals distinctly. The resistance rates of the isolates from diseased animals to most of the antimicrobials were significantly higher than those from healthy animals, which indicated that the use of antimicrobials increased the resistance rates of the isolates to quinolones and the third cephalosporinases, that would increase the difficult of the clinical treatment.