农牧民气候变化适应意愿及影响因素——以鄂尔多斯市乌审旗为例

通过对鄂尔多斯市乌审旗农牧业区10个嘎查（村）、102户农牧民家庭开展的问卷调查和访谈研究，分析了乌审旗农牧民应对气候变化采取的适应措施，限制其采取适应措施的主要因素，以及影响农牧民气候变化适应意愿的因素。结果表明：①农牧民主要通过打井灌溉、贷款和寻求农牧业以外其他工作的方式来应对气候变化；②限制农牧民采取适应措施的因素主要是资金匮乏、技术缺乏或落后、水资源短缺；③ Logistic回归模型表明，养殖业收入、草场面积和性别是影响乌审旗牧民气候变化适应意愿的主要因素，种植业收入、家庭年纯收入、年龄和性别是该旗农民进行气候变化适应的主要影响因素。乌审旗未来气候变化适应政策的制定和实施应更多地关注低收入人群。

Attitudes of Herders and Farmers for Adapting Climate Change and Their Affecting Factors——A Case Study in Uxin Banner,Inner Mongolia

Based on the methods of questionnaire survey, semi-structured interview and mathematical statistics, in this study some farming and grazing households in Uxin Banner, situated in Ordos City, Inner-Mongolia, were interviewed in 2009 to identify the main measures of the farmers and herders to adapt climate change, restricting factors to the adaptation, and factors affecting their adaptation attitudes. The results are as follows: (1) The main measures used by the farmers and herders for adapting climate change were to dig wells, loan and seek other work instead of farming and pasturing work; (2) The main restricting factors for the farmers and herders to take adaptation measures were the shortage of money, lacking and backward technology and shortage of water resources; (3) Results from Binary Logistic model indicated that the income from livestock breeding, grassland areas and gender were the main factors affecting the adaptation attitudes of herders in the banner, while the income from crop farming, family net income, age and gender were those affecting the adaptation attitudes of farmers. The low-income communities should be paid more attention to in working out and implementing the policy for adapting climate change in Uxin Banner in the future.