五台山地区森林生态系统服务功能价值评估

森林对维持我国自然生态系统的平衡和稳定具有重要意义,其服务功能价值越来越受到人们的重视。采用综合评价方法对五台山地区森林生态系统服务功能价值进行估算。结果表明:五台山地区森林生态系统服务功能总价值为101.47×108元,单位面积价值量为6.80元·m-2·a-1,其中供给功能价值为0.44×108元(占0.43%),支持功能价值为31.34×108元(占30.89%),调节功能价值为65.83×108元(占64.88%),文化服务功能价值为3.86×108元(占3.80%);从不同的服务功能类型来看,其价值量为:防风固沙维持营养物质循环涵养水源气候调节保护生物多样性休憩娱乐净化空气提供林产品控制侵蚀;不同森林类型价值量差异较大,灌丛最大,针阔混交林最小,从单位面积价值量来看,松杉类最大,灌丛最小;五台山地区森林生态系统服务功能价值巨大,该结果对区域生态系统管理具有重要意义。

Assessment of Forest Ecosystem Services in the Wutai Mountainous Area

As the main body of land ecosystem, forest ecosystem plays a special role in maintaining the structure,function and ecological process of natural ecosystems.Research on the evaluation of forest ecosystem services has become as one of the discussion focuses.The accurate valuation of forest ecosystem services is very important to the conservation and rational development of forest resources in China.In this paper, the classification method of Millennium Ecosystem Assessment was used to establish the assessment index system and evaluate the forest ecosystem services in the Wutai mountainous area using different methods including the market valuation method.The results showed that the total economic value of 9 services of the forest ecosystem was 101.47 × 108 yuan, in which the values of provisioning service, supporting service, regulating service and cultural service were 0.44 × 108, 31.34 × 108,65.83 × 108 and 3.86 × 108 yuan,accounting for 0.43％,30.89％,64.88％ and 3.80％ of the total value,respectively,and the annual forest ecosystem economic value in the study area was 6.80 yuan · m-2.Based on the different service types, the services could be in a descending order of windbreak ＞ nutrient cycling ＞ water conservation ＞weather regulation ＞ biodiversity protection ＞ recreation ＞ ecotourism ＞ air purification ＞ timber product supply ＞ erosion control.Based on the different forest types, the value could be in a descending order of shrub ＞ poplar ＞birch ＞ conifer ＞ larch ＞ mixed forest;the value per unit area could be in a descending order of larch ＞ birch ＞ conifer ＞ mixed forest ＞ poplar ＞ shrub.The research results showed that the value of the forest ecosystem in the Wutai mountainous area is vast.This research is beneficial to strengthening the recognition of the importance of forest ecosystem and facilitating the protection and management of forest ecosystems in the study area.