新疆策勒绿洲-沙漠过渡带风、温、湿相关性分析

为研究绿洲与沙漠间水、气、热量运移规律,运用统计法、相关分析法等,选取策勒绿洲-沙漠过渡带4个不同下垫面风速(V)、气温(T)、大气相对湿度(RH)、光合有效辐射(PAR)、太阳辐射(SR)等气象要素进行相关性分析。结果表明:一天当中,起沙风发生在14:00—16:00的频率最大,且从早到晚呈现先上升再下降的趋势,与气温的日变化趋势基本一致。一年中,流沙地月平均风速与月平均气温的变化同步。从流沙地到绿洲内部,月平均风速的变化趋势明显减弱,气温的减弱趋势较小,大气相对湿度有一定增加的趋势。流沙地的月平均风速、温度呈较好的正相关性,一天中0.5 m与2 m高度之间气温、湿度差的负相关性较好。在6种天气类型中,4个下垫面每2个气象要素之间都在0.01水平上呈显著相关,阴雨天不同高度的风速与部分气象要素之间相关性不显著,流沙地在扬沙天气下、半固定沙地在浮沉天气下、固定沙地在阴雨天天气下,0.5 m高度的风速和PAR、SR均不呈显著相关性。

Correlations among Wind Speed,Air Temperature and Relative Humidity in Oasis-desert Ecotone in Qira,Xinjiang

In this study,the statistics,correlation analysis and other methods were used to study the laws of water,gas and heat migration between oasis and desert.Wind speed (V),air temperature (T),relative humidity (RH),photosynthetically active radiation (PAR),solar radiation (SR) and other meteorological factors in Qira oasis-desert ecotone over four kinds of underlying surface were selected for correlation analysis.The results showed that the occurring frequency of sand-driving wind was the highest during 14:00-16:00 o'clock,and the sand-driving wind speed was increased at first and then decreased,which was consistent with the daily variation of air temperature.Annually,the change trend of average monthly wind speed was consistent with that of average monthly air temperature over shifting sandy land.From shifting sandy land to oasis,the change trend of average monthly wind speed was reduced significantly,the decrease trend of air temperature was low,and RH was in an increase trend to some extent.There was a good positive correlation between average monthly wind speed and average monthly air temperature,but a good negative one between air temperature and RH at heights of 0.5 m and 2 m from ground surface.Among 6 weather types,there was a significant correlation between each two meteorological factors at 0.01 level over four kinds of underlying surface.In rainy days,the correlations between the wind speed at different heights and part meteorological factors were not significant.The correlations between wind speed at the height of 0.5 m and PAR and SR were all not significant in blowing sand weather over shifting sandy land,in dust flowing weather over semi-fixed sandy land and in rainy days over fixed sandy land.