水分优化对温室葡萄产量及土壤生物学特性的影响

为揭示滴灌不同水分调控下设施栽培葡萄产量与土壤学特性等相关指标的响应关系,在甘肃省永登县设施葡萄试验基地开展葡萄滴灌不同生育期水分调控田间灌溉试验,分析水分调控对设施栽培葡萄土壤积温、蔗糖酶和淀粉酶活性、有机碳(TOC)、微生物量碳(MBC)和微生物熵(qMB)等土壤学特性的影响,基于隶属函数综合分析明确影响葡萄产量及各项土壤生物学特性指标的最佳水分优化处理。结果表明:新梢期水分胁迫的土壤积温、土壤酶、TOC、MBC、qMB均显著(P <0. 05)高于对照;新梢期水分胁迫较对照可增产44. 6%;果实膨大期作为葡萄生长的关键阶段,此时水分胁迫对土壤淀粉酶影响不显著,但对其他土壤学特性指标具有一定的抑制作用,并且可减产9.7%;隶属函数综合分析表明,土壤生物学特性指标及产量综合隶属排名为:PS﹥FS﹥CS﹥CK﹥ES。

Effect of Irrigation Water Optimization on Greenhouse Grape Yield and Soil Biological Properties

In order to reveal the response relationship between grape production and soil properties under drip irrigation with different irrigation water control levels,a field experiment on irrigation water regulation at different growth stages of grape was carried out at the grape experimental base in Yongdeng County,Gansu Province. The purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of irrigation water regulation on soil properties and grape yield. The parameters including the soil accumulation temperature,invertase and amylase activity,organic carbon content (TOC),microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and microbial entropy (qMB) were used in the study. The results showed that the soil accumulated temperature,soil enzymes,TOC,MBC and qMB under drought stress in the new shoot period were significantly higher than those under irrigation water control (P < 0. 05). The drought stress in the new shoot period was increased by 44. 6% compared with that under irrigation water control. The fruit expansion period was the key stage of grape growth,so during this period,the effect of drought stress on soil amylase was not significant,but there was a certain inhibition on other soil indicators,and the grape yield could be reduced by 9. 7%.The comprehensive analysis on the membership function showed that the soil biological index and the comprehensive subordinates of grape yield were ranked as PS > FS > CS > CK > ES.