蒸散发估算方法及其驱动力研究进展

蒸散发是水文循环的重要组成部分，也是度量土壤-植被-大气耦合系统中水文与能量传输的关键指标。因此，准确估算蒸散发，充分理解蒸散发的驱动力对干旱半干旱区水资源高效利用具有重要意义。本文对区域蒸散发估算方法进行了总结与归纳，并从气候变化和人类活动两个角度总结了干旱半干旱地区蒸散发变化的驱动力。最后，评论了当前蒸散发估算方法及其驱动力研究存在的问题，提出未来应加强蒸散发估算模型的改进与完善，合理规划土地利用，提高水资源利用效率，从而促进区域的可持续发展。

Progress on Evapotranspiration Estimation Methods and Driving Forces in Arid and Semiarid Regions

Evapotranspiration (ET), a fraction of the hydrological cycle, is a key indicator used to measure the transport of water and energy in the soil-vegetation-atmosphere coupling system. Thus, it is important for the efficient utilization of water resources in arid and semiarid regions to accurately estimate the evapotranspiration and understand its driving forces. In this paper, the estimation methods of regional evapotranspiration were summarized, and the driving forces of evapotranspiration change were discussed from the perspectives of climate change and human activities. Finally, the existing issues that should be further studied were discussed. In the future research, we should strengthen the improvement of the evapotranspiration estimation model and promote the land system optimization so as to improve the water resources utilization and promote the regional sustainable development.