农田土壤中水盐运移理论与模型的研究进展

农田土壤水盐模型是了解农田土壤水盐动态变化规律 ,进行农田水盐模拟和预报的最有效的方法之一。围绕国内外土壤学者在农田土壤水盐运移方面的研究成果 ,综述了农田土壤中水盐运移的基本理论及其发展过程 ,就农田土壤中常用的几种数学模型的研究现状进行了概述。对水盐运移模型的数值解法进行了探讨 ,以期消除数值波动现象 ,减小计算中的数值弥散。最后就农田土壤水盐运移模型研究方面存在的问题进行了分析 ,对其发展趋势和今后研究重点进行了展望 ,希望为进一步的研究工作提供帮助。

Progress of the Study on Theories and Models of Water-salt Transport in Cultivated Soil

The models of water-salt transport in cultivated soil are one of the most effective methods for understanding the dynamic change of water-salt transport in cultivated soil, simulating and predicting the water-salt transport in cultivated soil. This paper summarizes the basic theories and their development of water-salt transport in cultivated soil and the current situation of the study on some common-used math models of water-salt transport in cultivated soil based on the domestic and foreign research achievements about the water-salt transport in cultivated soil. The numerical solutions of the models of water-salt transport in cultivated soil are researched so as to eliminate the fluctuation of the values and reduce the dispersion of the values in calculation. The existing problems in the study on the models of water-salt transport in cultivated soil are analyzed. It is considered that the main research aspects in future should be the diversity of the research objects, considered factors in all-around way, affirmatory and stochastic models of water-salt transport in cultivated soil, confirming of the parameters in water-salt transport systems, validation of models, coupling of the models of water-salt transport in cultivated soil with GIS, etc.