前郭尔罗斯灌区土壤盐渍化与农业可持续发展

前郭尔罗斯灌区是东北四大灌区之一 ,土壤盐渍化是影响灌区农业可持续发展的重要因素。近几十年来受自然因素和人为因素的影响 ,土壤盐渍化的面积扩大 ,程度加重 ,生态环境质量下降。通过综合调控灌区人地系统 ,建立可持续发展模式和合理发展途径 ,采取水利工程措施、农业技术措施、生物改良措施等 ,可使土壤盐渍化得到有效防治 ,使灌区环境向良性发展。

The Soil Salinization and the Sustainable Development of Agriculture in the Qian Gorlos Irrigated Area, Jilin Province

With an area of 1285.7 km\+2, the Qian Gorlos irrigated area is located in the northwestern part of Jilin Province, and is one of the four large irrigated areas in northeast China. The irrigated area is a semi-humid and semi-arid transitional region and an agricultural-pastoral ecotone, and its ecological environment is extremely vulnerable. It is dominated by agriculture, and soil salinization is the main restricting factor for the sustainable development of agriculture in the irrigated area. Influenced by the natural and artificial factors since recent decades, the area of the salinized soil has been continuously enlarged, the lands of 41.7% in area suffer from salinization, in which the areas of the seriously salinized, moderately salinized and slightly salinized lands occupy 8.3, 12.9 and 78.8% respectively. Moreover, the salinization degree is aggravated, and the quality of the ecological environment is reduced. In order to protect the land resources and ensure a sustainable development of agriculture in the irrigated area, some measures should be taken. It is suggested to synthetically regulate the human-land system, develop the sustainable development modes and rational development ways so as to effectively control the soil salinization and make the environment in the irrigated area develop towards a virtuous circle by taking the measures of irrigation works, biological improvement, etc.