新疆伊犁皮里其河流域表层土壤养分特征

以新疆伊犁皮里其河流域为研究区,采用野外调查与实验分析相结合的方法,选取土壤养分的7个指标:有机质、全N、全P、全K、有效N、有效P和速效K为分析参数。应用主成分分析法,对研究区土壤养分的主要因子进行识别,并应用聚类分析法对样地进行分类。主成分分析表明,该区土壤第一主成分主要反映土壤综合养分水平;第二主成分反映土壤P肥水平;第三主成分反映K肥水平。聚类分析表明,第一聚类样地因子得分较高,该类土壤养分主要受有机质、全N和速效K的影响较大,土壤较为肥沃;第二聚类样地土壤养分普遍低于第一聚类,有机质、全N含量低于第一聚类,土壤养分一般;第三聚类样地由于土壤环境较为特殊,因子得分最低,土壤相对贫瘠。最后,针对3个聚类不同类型土壤,提出具体的保护措施。

Characteristics of Topsoil Nutrients in the Pirichy River Basin, Ili, Xinjiang

In this study,the field investigation and laboratory analysis were carried out to gain a comprehensive understanding of 7 kinds of soil nutrients,i.e.the contents of organic matter,total N,total P,total K,available N,available P and available K in the Pirichy River Basin,Ili,Xinjiang.The main factors affecting local soil nutrients are identified by using method of principal component analysis,and the sampling plots are classified by using cluster analysis.The results of principal component analysis reveal that the first,second and third principal components reflect mainly the integrated level of soil nutrients,soil P and soil K respectively.Cluster analysis results show that the total score of the sampling plots in the first cluster is high,soil nutrients are manly affected by the contents of organic matter.total N and available K,and the soil is fertile;the contents of soil nutrients(such as organic matter and total N)of sampling plots in the second cluster are universally lower than that in the first one,and the soil nutrient level is ecumenic;the total score of the soil sampling plots in the third one is the lowest and the soil is infertile due to the peculiar soil environment.Based on the results above,some measures are suggested for soil conservation.