5种盐生植物生物炭产率及其理化性质

为了解不同盐生植物生物炭特性的种间差异,特选用盐地碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)、盐角草(Salicornia europaea)、高碱蓬(Suaeda altissima)、野榆钱菠菜(Atriplex aucheri)、盐穗木(Halostachys caspica) 5种黎科盐生植物为研究对象,于500℃温度下炭化制备生物炭,通过理化性质分析,并结合主成分分析来探讨盐生植物原材料对生物炭特性差异的影响。结果表明:生物炭的产率受盐生植物原材料灰分含量影响。此外,生物炭灰分、养分及阳离子含量受盐生植物原材料物质成分的影响。炭化能显著增加生物质灰分含量,5种生物炭灰分含量与原材料相比增加了67. 22%～169. 24%,同时伴随着灰分增加,水溶性Na~+、K~+等低价离子富集,pH、电导率(EC)增大,碱性增强。本研究为盐生植物生物炭在改良酸性土壤、炭化原材料选择等方面提供基础数据及理论参考。

Biochar Yield and Physicochemical Properties of Five Halophyte Species

The purposes of this research was to figure out the difference of biochar yield and physicochemical properties among five halophyte species, i.e. the Suaeda salsa, Salicornia europaea, Suaeda altissima, Atriplex aucheri and Halostachys caspica under 500 ℃ carbonization condition. The results showed that the biochar yield was positively correlated with the ash content of raw material, but negatively correlated with the lignin content of raw material (P<0.01). There was a significant correlation between the raw material and the biochar in ash content and total carbon content (P<0.01). In addition, the contents of elements in the raw materials determined the amount of elemental content in biochar. Noticeably, carbonization increased effectively the ash content in five halophyte species, it was increased by 132.45% in S. salsa, 91.62% in S. europaea, 121.79% in S. altissima, 169.24% in A. aucheri and 67.22% in H. caspica, respectively. Besides，the amount of sodium and potassium ions abstracted by distilled water was increased with the increase of ash content. Moreover, carbonization could effectively increase the pH (70.76%-82.33%) and EC (68.19%-144.96%) values of halophyte species. This study could be referred in researching the biochar yield and improving acidic soil by the biochar of halophytes.