吉尔吉斯斯坦水资源及其利用研究

吉尔吉斯斯坦是中亚水资源最丰富的国家之一,多条大型跨境河流均发源于境内.但由于吉尔吉斯斯坦山地面积占优势的国土地貌特点,其淡水资源大多以开发难度较大的高山冰川、湖水和深层地下水的形式存在,河川径流占全部水资源量的比重较低.在水资源的空间分布方面,河川径流量的大小与海拔呈正相关;湖泊主要分布在高海拔的山地;冰川的分布主要...

Study on Water Resources and Its Utilization in Kyrgyzstan

Kyrgyzstan is one of the countries with the most abundant water resources in Central Asia, and several large regional transboundary rivers rise in it. However, as a result of dominant mountain landscape features of the land, most of fresh water resources in Kyrgyzstan is distributed in forms of alpine glaciers, lakes and deep groundwater, and the proportion of stream water in water resources is low, so it is difficult to develop fresh water resources. Spatially, there is a positive correlation between the distribution of stream water and the altitude. The lakes are mainly located in the alpine zones. The distribution of glaciers is related to the altitude and aspect. In the field of development and utilization of water resources, Kyrgyzstan is rich in hydroenergy, and some large reservoirs have been built along the rivers. In field of water utilization of society and economy, surface water is a major source, and agricultural water consumption is dominant in total water consumption and also the main factor affecting water consumption in recent years. There is also a relative shortage of irrigation water in Kyrgyzstan because of the imperfect water facilities, low water use efficiency, policies of sharing transboundary water resources, reduction of some waters, water pollution, etc. under the combined impact of both natural and artificial factors.