晚稻大田气温变化特征及其与气象站气温的关系

采用2010—2012年南昌晚稻大田气温监测资料与附近气象站的同期监测资料,根据气象特征将其分为晴天、多云、阴天、雨日4种天气类型,根据晚稻大田气温的变化特征,以及稻田与气象站气温的关系,拟建立不同天气类型下两者的转换模型。结果表明,（1）稻田的日最低气温一般出现在早晨06：00左右,日最高气温大约出现在14：00;其中,06：00—14：00为气温上升阶段,14：00—19：00为快速下降阶段,19：00至次日06：00为缓慢下降阶段。（2）各个时次的稻田气温均比气象站低,尤其在晴天或多云时稻田气温偏低更加明显。（3）晴天、多云、阴天、雨日稻田日均气温比气象站气温分别偏低了1.7℃、1.2℃、0.8℃、0.5℃,但两者的变化趋势是一致的。（4）多云类型的稻田日均气温转换模型效果较好,晴天次之,阴天、雨日的转换模型还需进一步改善。

Characters of Temperature Change in Late Maturing Rice Field and the Relationship with the Neighboring Weather Station

Based on the observed temperature of late maturing rice field and neighboring weather stations during the late maturing rice growing season from 2010 to 2012,the characteristic of late maturing rice field temperature and the relationship with the temperature observed in Nanchang weather station are studied.The result indicates that：（1） the temperature at about 6 a.m.in the late maturing rice field usually is the lowest in a day,while at about 2 p.m.is the highest.The temperature often climbs up from 6 a.m.to 2 p.m.in a day.And it drops down fast during 2 p.m.to 7p.m.,and slowly from 7 p.m.to 6 a.m.in the next day.（2） The temperature in the late maturing rice field is lower than which observed in the neighboring weather station,especially,in the sunny days and the cloudy days.Therefore,the data from weather stations should be adjustment appropriately according to the weather conditions and the specific time in the day when is applied to analyze the microclimate in the field.（3） The daily average temperature in the late maturing rice field is about 1.7 ℃、1.2 ℃、0.8 ℃、0.5 ℃ lower than which in the neighboring weather station,but the changing trend is the same.The correlation models between temperature in the field and in the weather station are set up,and tested by △T,which means the difference between the temperature in the late maturing rice field and in the weather station.（4）The testing result shows that the application effect of the model for the cloudy days is the best,sunny days is next,and the others require a further study.