四川58个小麦品种苗期抗条锈基因推导及成株期抗性表现

为了解四川小麦品种所含抗条锈基因及其在田间的抗性表现,将29个毒性谱各异的小麦条锈菌鉴别菌株于苗期接种35个已知抗条锈基因载体品系和58份四川小麦品种（系）,通过抗病谱对比分析和各品种（系）系谱分析,推导了四川小麦品种（系）的抗条锈基因型。在田间,选用中国小麦条锈菌优势小种CY32、CY33、Su-4和对Yr10、Yr24和Yr26致病的贵农22致病类型田间突变株进行混合接种,在乳熟期对各品种（系）的抗条锈性进行了鉴定。结果显示,Yr2、Yr5、Yr7、Yr9、Yr10、Yr24、Yr27、YrSpp、YrAlba等9个基因以单基因或基因组合的形式存在于44个四川小麦品种（系）中。有6个品种（系）含有Yr9基因,10个品种（系）含有Yr10基因,11个品种（系）含有Yr24基因,其中1个同时含有Yr10和Yr24基因。23个品种（系）含有未知基因及其组合。共有19个小麦品种（系）成株期对包含上述混合菌种在内的田间流行菌系表现抗病,其中5个品种抗性受成株抗性基因控制。

Postulation of resistance genes and evaluation of adult resistance to stripe rust in 58 cultivars from Sichuan

To investigate the genotypes of resistance in wheat cultivars from Sichuan to stripe rust and their efficiency in the fields, 58 accessions including registered varieties, elite breeding lines and resistance donors from Sichuan, together with 29 wheat lines of known resistance genotypes were inoculated in greenhouse with 35 differential isolates of Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici at the seedling stages. The resistance genotypes of tested accessions were postulated with the comparison of their resistance spectra to that of the lines of know resistance genotypes in combination of the analysis of their pedigrees. The field resistance was investigated at the filling stage in the next year following the field inoculation of mixtures of prevailing China races of the fungus, i.e, CY32, CY33, Su-4, and new field virulence mutants to Yr10, Yr24 and Yr26. Yr2, Yr5, Yr7, Yr9, Yr10, Yr24, Yr27, YrSpp, YrAlba were found to existed alone or in combinations in 44 tested accessions. Yr9, Yr10 and Yr24 were respectively found in 6,10, and 11 accessions. Yr10 and Yr24 were probably present simultaneously in cv. "Mianmai 39". 23 accessions were found to carry unknown resistance gene(s). Of the 58 tested accessions, 19 accessions were resistant to the mixture of CY32, CY33, Su-4 and new virulence mutants and resistance in five accessions could be controlled by adult resistance genes.