我国水稻黑条矮缩病和玉米粗缩病研究进展

上世纪60年代初我国华东和华北地区分别发现了水稻黑条矮缩病和玉米粗缩病,后来都分别发生了2次大流行,同时都以病害防治为目标分别开展了研究,探明了当地病害发生规律,提出了相应的防治方法,获得了不同程度的防病效果.80年代以来,水稻黑条矮缩病的发生报道仅限于华东地区局部地市,玉米粗缩病的发生涉及华北、东北、西北、西南和华中地区13个省市.根据各地对两病病原形态、寄主及症状、介体昆虫及传病特性等方面相似性的报道,提出了我国玉米粗缩病与水稻黑条矮缩病病原异同性问题.经近10年来对两病用生物学和分子生物学方法进行比较鉴定,证明我国玉米粗缩病和水稻黑条矮缩病病原同属水稻黑条矮缩病毒(RBSDV).同时基本探明了水稻黑条矮缩病在浙江杂交稻区和华北玉米区的再次流行成灾的原因,提出了相应的防治措施,并有效地控制了病害的流行危害.

Advance in researches on rice black-streaked dwarf disease and maize rough dwarf disease in China

In the early of 1960's,rice black-streaked dwarf disease and maize rough dwarf disease had been found separately in the rice field of Yuyao in Zhejiang Province and in the maize field of Baoding in Hebei Prov- ince of China.They have prevailed twice during past forty years.Through the studies of control methods of these diseases,their development rules have been known and the technique to control them has also been practiced in the disease-prone area.Afterwards these diseases were under controlled.Since the late of 1980's,rice black- streaked dwarf disease has only occurred in the local districts of east-China and maize rough dwarf disease has increasingly become epidemic in the 13 provinces of China.According to the similar reports about their viral shapes,host ranges and symptoms,vectors and transmission properties,the pathogenies of these two diseases were suspected of a same virus.During recent ten years,the researches on rice black-streaked dwarf disease and maize rough dwarf disease with biological and molecular biological methods have showed that the pathogenies of these two diseases both are belonging to rice black-streaked dwarf virus(RBSDV).