白三叶草挥发物的化感作用及其化学成分分析

采用培养皿生物测定法,研究了白三叶草花、叶挥发物对稗草、苘麻种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,并对其挥发物化学成分进行了分析,以明确白三叶草挥发物对稗草和苘麻的化感作用。结果显示:花挥发物的抑制作用大于叶挥发物,其中,花挥发物处理苘麻萌发率和芽长的化感效应指数分别为-0.27和-0.29,稗草根长和鲜重的化感效应指数分别为-0.30和-0.28。花挥发物中共检测出23种化合物,4-甲基-1,3戊二烯、乙酸叶醇酯相对含量较大;叶挥发物中共检测出24种化合物,乙烯基乙醚、乙酸叶醇酯、丙酮相对含量较大。研究表明,白三叶草挥发物对稗草和苘麻均有化感作用,其挥发物的化学成分以烯和酯类化合物为主。

Allelopathic effects of Trifolium repens volatile and its chemical components

In order to define allelopathic effects of volatile from Trifolium repens L., the influence of volatile from T.repens flowers and leaves on seed germination and seedling growth of Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv. and Abutilon theophrasti Medic. were tested with Petri dish bioassay, and the chemical components of the volatile were analyzed using GC-MS. The results indicated that the inhibition effect of flowers volatile stronger than that of leaves volatile, the allelopathic effect index of germination rate and shoot length of A.theophrasti were -0.27 and -0.29, the allelopathic effect index of the root length and fresh weight of E.crusgalli were -0.30 and -0.28. Twenty-three components were identified in volatile from T.repens flowers, the main components were 4-methyl-1, 3-pentadiene and cis-3-hexenyl acetate; and 24 components were identified in volatile from T.repens leaves, the main components were ethyl vinyl ether, cis-3-hexenyl acetate and acetone. The volatile from T.repens have allelopathic effects to E.crusgalli and A.theophrasti, components of volatile from T.repens mainly obtained olefins and esters.