陕甘川豫主要后备小麦品种对中国条锈菌优势种群苗期抗性的聚类分析

为了弄清我国小麦条锈病主要流行区后备小麦品种的抗锈性,选用6个条锈菌优势菌系,对陕、甘、川、豫四省近年来培育的200份后备小麦品种进行苗期和成株期鉴定,并分别对不同省份后备品种的抗条锈性进行聚类分析。结果表明,供试品种对我国条锈菌优势种群的抗锈性表现为:四川省后备品种抗锈性最强,对供试菌系全免的品种占80.82%;其次为陕西省和甘肃省,分别为52.73%和50.00%,河南省的最弱,全免的品种仅占22.22%;从抗性类型种类和分布来看,陕西省后备品种抗性分化明显,中间类型少,甘肃省品种的抗性类型分布比较均匀,表明陕西省后备品种的抗锈基因较单一,甘肃省后备品种中所含的抗病基因类型复杂,显示甘肃省近年来重视抗源多样化育种带来了成效;成株期抗锈品种数量明显多于苗期,表明后备品种中存在大量的成株抗锈品种。

Cluster analysis of major and candidate cultivars of wheat for dominant populations of stripe rust in seedling stage from Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan and Henan provinces

A cluster analysis of two-hundred candidate wheat cultivars from Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan and Henan provinces recently was performed by using unweighted pair-group average method,based on the data from their seedling resistance reaction to six dominant isolates of Puccinia striiformis with the different virulence.Analysis results showed that the candidate cultivars from Sichuan had the best overall resistance with 80.82% immune one, followed by Shaanxi and Gansu provinces with 52.73% and 50.00% respectively, the candidate cultivars from Henan had the weakest resistance only with 22.22% immune one. Type and distribution of candidate cultivar resistance from Shaanxi Province were different clearly with few intermediate types, that indicated resistance genes to rust rather simplistic. Uniform distribution of resistant types showed the resistance gene complex in Gansu Province probably because of attention to the effective breeding to resistance diversity had been brought for recent years. The number of rust-resistant varieties in adult stage is more than the number of seedlings. The results indicate that there is a large variety of adult rust resistance varieties in the candidate cultivars.