亚洲玉米螟与串珠镰孢菌复合侵染对玉米产量损失的影响

在玉米吐丝、灌浆和乳熟期,以亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis(Guenée)为试虫,以串珠镰孢菌Fusarium verticillioides为供试菌种,研究玉米雌穗不同发育期亚洲玉米螟与串珠镰孢菌复合侵染对玉米产量的影响.结果表明:串珠镰孢菌与玉米螟复合侵染危害后玉米雌穗穗长缩短、籽粒数减少、穗粒腐病加重,使得玉米的产量性状发生改变,导致玉米产量和品质下降;接虫处理和复合处理均以玉米吐丝期对玉米产量构成因素影响最大,吐丝期复合处理单穗损失率为40.84%,在灌浆和乳熟期分别为27.92%和11.10%;在单独接菌条件下以灌浆期危害最重,单穗损失率为6.62%,而在吐丝和乳熟期分别为4.13%和0.65%.

Effect of infestation by the Asian corn borer together with Fusarium verticillioides on corn yield loss

Effect of the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), and Fusarium verticillioides infestation on the corn yield was investigated. The corn ears were inoculated with neonate larvae of Asian corn borer, F.verticillioides, respectively, or Asian corn borer larvae and F.verticillioides together at silking, blister and milk stage of corn ear development. Results showed that it resulted in the corn ear length shortened, the number of the corn seed decreased and the ear rot became more serious, and also other corn yield components were affected, such as the number per row, 100-seed weight yield of single ear, when inoculated with Asian corn borer neonate larvae and F.verticillioides, separately or together. The yield of single ear significantly decreased at silking stage, with 40.84%, 27.92% and 11.10% at blister and milk stage, respectively, when inoculated with the O.furnacalis neonate larvae and the F.verticillioides together. However, the yield of single ear significantly decreased at blister stage, with 6.62%, 4.13% and 0.65% at silking, milk stages, respectively, when inoculated with the F.verticillioides only.