杀线虫植物内生细菌和根际放线菌对根结线虫的防效

为了获得防治植物寄生线虫的微生物菌种资源和防效稳定的生防菌剂,以松材线虫为靶标,采用直接触杀法对植物根际放线菌和内生细菌进行了筛选,通过盆栽试验测定了筛选到的菌株发酵液对根结线虫的防治效果,并将有初步防效的菌株制成固体菌剂,分别测定单菌剂和复合菌剂的防效。共筛选到16株放线菌和4株内生细菌具有杀线虫活性,其中2株放线菌和3株内生细菌的发酵液对根结线虫防效明显;放线菌和内生细菌混合发酵液均保持了对根结线虫的抑制作用,但是放线菌和细菌菌株的固体菌剂混合后对根结线虫的防效低于细菌单菌株的防效。植物内生细菌BCM2和CCM7单菌株的固体菌剂对番茄根结线虫的防效最高,分别达到了83.31%和83.07%。表明高杀线虫活性的植物内生细菌制备的固体菌剂具有应用潜力。

Control effect of the antinematode endophytic bacteria and rhizosphere actinomycetes to root-knot nematodes of tomato plant

In order to obtain biocontrol microorganism and agents those can efficiently and stably control the plant-parasitic nematodes, rhizosphere actinomycetes and endophytic bacteria were isolated and subjected for primary screening in vitro for their effects on mortality of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. Secondary screening was evaluated for the control effect of the fermentation broth of the primary screened strains on root-knot nematodes via potted plantlet. Then those strains that had biocontrol activity were made into agent, the control effect of the single agent and their mixed agents were tested separately. From primary screening, 16 rhizosphere actinomycete and 4 endophytic bacteria secreting antinematode metabolite were isolated. In secondary screening, the fermentation broth of 2 actinomycete and 3 endophytic bacteria could obviously inhibit the increasing of the root-knot nematodes in tomato, and the inhibitory effect remained generally stable when the fermentation broth of actinomycete was mixed with that of endophytic bacterium and poured to the potted plantlet. But the biocontrol effects on root-knot nematodes with the combinations of agents from actinomycete and endophytic bacteria were lower than those of the single endophytic bacteria agent treatments. The maximum biocontrol effect in the experiment was reached by endophytic bacteria agents of BCM2 and CCM7, their inhibitory effect were 83.31% and 83.07%, respectively. The results indicated that endophytic bacteria agent has great application potential in preventing root-knot nematodes.