典型黄土残塬沟壑区啮齿动物群落分布格局及其时空动态

为研究典型黄土残塬沟壑区啮齿动物群落的分布格局及其对环境变化的响应，于1990—2020年对山西省隰县林草区、沟底作物区、塬面作物区和塬面果园区4种不同样区的啮齿动物群落进行调查，分析不同时间段啮齿动物的群落结构、多样性特征和空间生态位。结果显示，研究期间隰县啮齿动物整体密度呈高—低—高的趋势，由1990—1994年的12.71%逐步下降到2005—2009年的3.39%，之后又上升至2015—2020年的7.83%；作物区的啮齿动物群落多样性特征与林草区、塬面果园区的多样性特征有显著差异，而沟底作物区和塬面作物区的啮齿动物群落多样性特征无显著差异；不同啮齿动物间的Pianka空间生态位重叠指数显示啮齿动物对环境资源的需求和利用有一定的差异性。表明生境类型会影响啮齿动物群落的分布格局，而环境的变化是导致其格局变化的重要因素。

Distribution pattern and spatiotemporal dynamics of rodent communities in the Loess Gulled-Hilly Area

In order to investigate the distribution pattern of rodent communities and their response to environmental change in the typical Loess Gulled-Hilly Area, the rodent communities in four different areas were studied, including forest (grass) zone, crop zone in valley, crop zone on tableland, orchard on tableland, in Xi County, Shanxi Province, during 1990-2020, and the rodent community structure, diversity characteristic and spatial niche were analyzed during different periods. The results showed that the overall density of rodents showed a high-low-high trend during the study period, which decreased from 12.71% in 1990-1994 to 3.39% in 2005-2009, and then increased to 7.83% in 2015-2020. Significant differences were observed in the diversity characteristics among crop zones, forest (grass) zone and orchard on tableland, but there were no significant differences in the diversity between crop zones in valley and on tableland. The Pianka''s spatial niche overlap indices between different rodent species suggested that the needs and utilization of environmental resources in different rodents were different. This study indicated that the distribution pattern of rodent communities was affected by habitat types, and the change of environment was an important factor leading to the change of their distribution patterns.