福建省大豆炭疽病病原菌的分离与鉴定

为明确引起福建省大豆炭疽病的病原菌种类，2018—2019年从福建省福州、三明、莆田、泉州和南平市采集具有大豆炭疽病症状的大豆豆荚，采用组织分离法分离病原菌，结合形态学特征和多基因系统发育分析对病原菌进行鉴定。结果表明，从采集的豆荚样本中共分离获得152株炭疽菌菌株，经形态学初步鉴定分属于3种类型，从3种类型的病原菌中分别选取3株代表菌株进行多基因系统发育分析，这9株代表菌株分别与Colletotrichum plurivorum、平头炭疽菌C.truncatum和胶孢炭疽菌C.gloeosporioides聚在一起。形态学和多基因系统发育分析结果表明，引起福建省大豆炭疽病的病原菌有3种，分别为C.plurivorum、平头炭疽菌和胶孢炭疽菌，其占比分别为10.53%、50.00%、39.47%。致病性测定结果表明，C.plurivorum、平头炭疽菌和胶孢炭疽菌对大豆均有致病作用，但不同的菌株致病力存在差异。表明平头炭疽菌是引起福建省大豆炭疽病的主要病原菌，而C.plurivorum为引起我国大豆炭疽病的新纪录种。

Isolation and identification of Colletotrichum species associated with soybean anthracnose in Fujian Province

In order to identify the pathogens associated with soybean anthracnose in Fujian Province, fungal isolates were obtained from infected pods in different parts of Fujian Province with tissue separation and single-spore purification. The morphological characteristics of these isolates were observed and compared, and a multilocus phylogenetic analysis was performed. A total of 152 isolates were isolated, and nine representative isolates were selected for further identification based on morphological characteristics. The phylogenetic tree displayed that nine representative isolates clustered in three clades. Based on morphological comparisons and phylogenetic analysis of multi-locus sequences, three Colletotrichum species were identified, C. plurivorum, C. truncatum and C. gloeosporioides, accounting for 10.53%, 50.00% and 39.47%, respectively. Pathogenicity tests showed that all tested isolates could infect soybean pods, although they varied in pathogenicity. The results indicated that C. truncatum was the most dominant, and C. plurivorum was reported for the first time from soybean in China.