基于地理信息系统的全国主要粮食作物病虫害实时监测预警系统的研制

为提高病虫害防治的准确性和科学性，依据植保知识、专家经验，采用人工智能、自行开发的具地理信息系统基本功能及决策支持系统（DSS）的相关技术，研制了基于Internet网络传输的全国主要粮食作物病虫害实时监测预警系统。本系统能够对小麦、玉米、水稻、马铃薯、高粱和谷子6种主要粮食作物的60余种病虫害进行实时监测、预警、诊断、提供植保知识，能够对年度间同期病情、虫情做出图形比较，可将抽象的预警数据转化成清晰简明的点图式电子地图，直观明了地显示病虫害发生点数及地域分布，可根据品种的抗病虫性、病虫害发生基数和未来天气预报等信息对小麦白粉病、赤霉病、纹枯病、稻瘟病、稻曲病、马铃薯晚疫病、麦蚜、小麦吸浆虫和玉米螟9种重要病虫害做出短期防治决策，系统的运行有助于提高人们对主要粮食作物病虫害管理的科学水平。

Establishment of a real-time monitoring and forecasting system on main crop diseases and pests of China based on GIS

Disease and insect pests are the main limiting factors for crops to increase yield. In order to make the control decision more accurate and more scientific, a real-time monitoring and forecasting system based on internet was established for main crops diseases and insect pests of China, according to knowledge of the plant protection, expert experience, and utilizing artificial intelligence, geography information system (Gsystem1) which was developed by authors and decision support system (DSS) technology. The system could provide the real-time information on occurrence of more than 60 different kinds of diseases and pests in wheat, corn, rice, potato, sorghum and millet of China as well as diagnosing, knowledge providing and short-term controlling decision for nine kinds of important diseases and insect pests, including powdery mildew, sharp eyespot and scab of wheat, rice blast, rice false smut, potato late blight, aphids, grain gall midge of wheat and corn borer, based on crop resistance, primary level of pests and short-term weather forecast. It also had the function of comparing the status of each disease or insect pest during the same period in different years. It can transform data information into a geographical information map, to show the distribution and severity of diseases and pests. The running of the system could help people to control the harmful organisms in a more scientific way.