中国“十四五”重大病虫害防控综合技术研发实施展望

病虫害防控是国家总体安全的重要组成部分，为构建区域一体化、技术绿色化的农林草业重大病虫害精准监测预警和全程防控综合技术体系，“十四五”期间，国家重点研发计划设立了“重大病虫害防控综合技术研发与示范”重点专项。此专项以保障农林生产安全、农产品质量安全和农林生态安全为根本目标，以草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda、柑橘黄龙病菌Liberbacter asianticum、松材线虫Bursaphelenchus xylophilus、东亚飞蝗Locusta migratoria manilensis等农作物和森林草原重大病虫害防控科技创新为首要任务，旨在建立覆盖全国的农林草业重大病虫害精准监测预警网络，系统揭示重大病虫害区域性灾变机理，为农业绿色高质量发展提供科技支撑。该文综述了该专项的研发背景、专项定位、研究内容、任务布局、实施机制、政策保障，以期为植物保护领域相关科研人员、推广机构、政府部门、技术用户等提供参考。

Research and development of techniques for integrated control of major diseases and insect pests during the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan in China

Control of plant diseases and insect pests is an important component of national security. For constructing the regional-integrated and green-technology based systems for precise and accurate monitoring and early warning, and whole process control of the major diseases and insect pests in agriculture, forestry and grass industry, a special key project for R&D and Demonstration of Techniques for Integrated Prevention and Control of Major Diseases and Insect Pests was established in the Fourteenth Five-year Plan. With the ultimate goal to ensure the production safety of agriculture and forestry, agricultural product quality security and ecological security of agriculture and forestry, this specific funding takes innovations in technology for integrated control of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda, the pathogen of citrus Huanglongbing Liberbacter asianticum, pine nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, oriental migratory locust Locusta migratoria manilensis and other major diseases and insect pests as the first priority. It aims to establish a nationwide network for accurate monitoring and early warning of major diseases and insect pests in agriculture, forestry and grass industry, to reveal the mechanism of regional disasters of major diseases and insect pests systematically, and to provide scientific and technological supports for the green and high-quality development of agriculture. This article summarized the background for establishment of this fund, its specific positioning, research contents, task layout, implementation mechanisms, and policy guarantee, hoping to provide a reference for researchers, extension agencies, government departments and technical users in the field of plant protection.