一株枯草芽孢杆菌挥发性物质的抑菌作用初步研究

初步研究了分离自石榴果实中的一株枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis所产生的挥发性物质对几种常见林果病原菌的抑菌作用。发现该挥发性物质对不同病原菌菌丝生长具有一定的抑制作用,其中对杨树溃疡病菌Botryosphaeria dothidea的抑制率达60%。将不同病原菌株与该挥发性物质互作后的菌丝形态与正常菌丝进行比较,结果表明:处理后的杨树溃疡病菌、石榴疮痂病菌B.dothidea、苹果轮纹病菌B.dothidea及葡萄白腐病菌Coniothyrium diplodiella的菌丝分支增多,扭曲,菌丝顶端和中部细胞膨大;杨树腐烂病菌Valsa sordida及桑紫纹羽病菌Helicobasidium purpureum的菌丝变粗;合欢枯萎病菌Fusarium oxysporum的菌丝变细;苹果霉心病菌Trichothecium roseum菌丝形态无明显变化。同时发现,不同病原菌菌丝色素产生的速度均受到了抑制。表明该枯草芽孢杆菌所产生的挥发性物质对不同病原菌的抑菌效果和作用方式不同。

Preliminary study on the inhibitory effect of the volatile substances produced by Bacillus subtilis

An isolate strain of Bacillus subtilis was found in pomegranate fruit,and a preliminary study on the inhibitory effect of the volatile substances produced by B.subtilis against several common trees and fruits diseases was carried out.The results showed that the growth of mycelia were inhibited by the volatile substances,and the bacterstatic ratio for Botryosphaeria dothidea can reach 60%.Compared to normal mycelia,different pathogens showed different changes after treatment by the volatile substances for B.dothidea and Coniothyrium diplodiella,the mycelial branches were increased and distorted,and the top area and middle cell of mycelia became intumescentia.For Valsa sordida and Helicobasidium purpureum,the mycelia were stubbed;for Fusarium oxysporum,the mycelia became much slimmer;however the mycelia of T.roseum were not changed significantly.The speed of pigment production of mycelia were also inhibited by the volatile substances.The results suggested that the volatile substances had different bacteriostatic actions on different pathogens.