透骨草杀虫活性成分分离鉴定及其生物活性研究

采用柱层析分离、高效液相色谱切分和生物活性追踪法,从透骨草Phryma leptostachya L.石油醚提取物中分离出2个具有杀虫活性的化合物(B1和B2),采用质谱、核磁共振氢谱和碳谱,并结合相关文献对其结构进行鉴定,发现其分别为双氧木脂素A 和E。首次以粘虫Mythimna separata、槐尺蠖Semiothisa cinerearia、小菜蛾Plutella xylostella、小地老虎Agrotis ypsilon和家蝇Musca domestica为试虫,测定了这2个化合物的杀虫活性。结果表明:化合物 B1和B2 对3龄粘虫24 h的胃毒致死中浓度(LC50值)分别为34.9和52.8 μg/mL,24 h触杀致死中量(LD50值)分别为0.09和0.26 μg/头;对3龄槐尺蠖24 h的胃毒LC50值分别为66.1和1 675 μg/mL,触杀LD50值分别为0.049和1.33 μg/头;对家蝇成虫24 h的胃毒LC50值分别为39.2和969 μg/mL,触杀LD50值分别为0.047和1.12 μg/头。

Isolation,structure identification and bioactivity of active ingredients from Phryma leptostachya

Two compounds,haedoxane A and E were isolated from the petroleum ether extract of the roots and stems of Phryma leptostachya L.by silica gel chromatograph,high pressure liquid chromatograph(HPLC) and bioassay-guided fractionation.The bioassay results showed that haedoxane A and E had stomach toxic activity with the LC50 value of 24 h 34.9 and 52.8 μg/mL against 3rd instar larvae of Mythimna separata,against 3rd instar larvae of Semiothisa cinerearia with the LC50 value of 24 h 66.1 and 1 675 μg/mL,and against Musca domestica with the LC50 value of 24 h 39.2 and 969 μg/mL.Haedoxane A and E had topical toxic activity with the LD50 value of 0.09 and 0.26 μg/larvae against 3rd instar larvae of M.separata,against 3rd instar larvae of S.cinerearia with the LD50 value of 0.049 and 1.33 μg/larvae,and against M.domestica with the LD50 value of 24 h 0.047 and 1.12 μg/fly.