苦参碱在土壤中的环境行为研究

农药在土壤中的吸附、移动及消解等特性是评价其环境安全性的重要指标。为评价植物源农药苦参碱对土壤环境的安全性，依据《化学农药环境安全评价试验准则》，探讨了苦参碱在东北黑土、江西红土、关中娄土及河南二合土等典型土壤中的吸附、移动、消解特性及其影响因素。结果表明:苦参碱在4类典型土壤中均为中等吸附、易移动，且土壤有机质含量与其吸附性呈正相关；在未灭菌条件(25℃，避光)下，苦参碱在4类6种不同土壤中的消解半衰期为4.1~9.8 d，而在灭菌条件下，半衰期为11.6~13.7 d，均为易降解。研究表明，苦参碱对土壤环境较为安全。

The environment behavior of matrine in the soil

Absorption, migration and dissipation characters of pesticide in the soil are important indicators for environmental risk assessment. In order to evaluate the risk of matrine in soil environment, these characteristics of matrine in Jiangxi red soil, Henan fluvo-aquic soil, Guanzhong tier soil and Northern east black soil were studied following the China national standard Test Guidelines on Environmental Safety Assessment for Chemical Pesticides. The results demonstrated that all these four types of soils had medium absorbability to matrine. Matrine was easy to migrate in these four types of soils. And there was a positive correlation between the absorption of matrine and soil organic matter content. In opaque background (25℃), the dissipation half-life of matrine in unsterilized soil were 4.1 d to 9.8 d, and in the sterilized soils were 11.6 d to 13.7 d, in 4 types and 6 kinds of soils. These results indicated that matrine is safe to soil environment.