纳米传感器在农药残留检测中的应用研究进展

农药残留是影响食品安全的主要风险因素之一。传统的农药残留检测方法由于需要昂贵、大型的检测仪器往往不能满足现场、实时检测的需要。近年来，随着纳米材料制备及功能化技术日趋完善，其在农药残留快速检测领域的研究日益活跃。纳米材料与荧光法、比色法、表面增强拉曼散射法及电化学法结合，可构建各类纳米传感器，在检测特异性和灵敏度上有较大提升，实现了快速检测技术的突破。本文综述了上述4类主要的纳米传感器在农药残留快速检测中的应用，并对其应用前景进行展望。未来构建选择性高、分析范围广、抗干扰、简单便携的纳米传感器仍将是农药残留检测领域主要的研究方向。

Research progress on the application of nanosensors for pesticide residue determinationResearch progresses on application of nanosensor for determination of pesticide residue

Pesticide residue is one of the main risk factors affecting food safety. Traditional methods for the determination of pesticide residue require costly and large-scale equipments, which can''t meet the needs of on-site and real-time detection. In recent years, with the development of the preparation and functionalization technologies, nanomaterials have been extensively studied for the determination of pesticide residue. Various nanosensors were fabricated by combination of nanomaterials with fluorescence, colorimetric, surface-enhanced Raman scattering and electrochemical method, which enhanced the specificity and senditvity largely, and achieved a breakthrough of rapid detection technology. Herein, the research progress on application of four main types of nanosensors for rapid detection of pesticide residue is reviewed, and the prospects are discussed. The fabrication of portable nanosensor with high selectivity, excellent anti-interference ability and broad application prospect will continue to be a main research focus.