植保无人飞机施用农药应用研究进展及管理现状

植保无人飞机是现代植保施药机械，具有作业效率高、精准、节水省药、灵活机动和对施药人员安全等特点，然而，与传统施药方式不同，其用水量少，喷施农药浓度高，喷雾易飘移，存在潜在的应用风险。目前关于植保无人飞机施药应用研究主要集中在雾滴沉积分布、飘移影响因素和防治效果评价等领域，有关其在膳食风险、环境风险和职业暴露健康风险评估等方面研究较少，且药剂登记和管理标准法规等相对滞后。为全面了解植保无人飞机施药应用以及管理现状，本文综述了植保无人飞机施药应用、风险研究及国际航空植保农药登记管理情况，总结了我国在该领域发展潜力和管理建议，以期为我国植保无人飞机安全施用农药和登记科学管理提供参考。

Research progress and management status of pesticide application by plant protection unmanned aerial vehicles

Plant protection unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are modern plant protection application machines with the characteristics of high operational efficiency, precision, water, and pesticides saving, flexibility and safety for sprayers, etc. However, unlike traditional application methods, the UAVs use less water with high pesticide concentration, and it is easy to drift with a high application risk. The current research on plant protection UAVs application mainly focuses on droplet deposition distribution, drift, and control efficiency. However, there are fewer studies on dietary, environmental and occupational exposure health risk assessment, and the standards and regulations for registration and management of formulation are relatively lagging. In order to comprehensively understand the application of plant protection UAVs and the current status of management, this paper reviews the application of plant protection UAVs, risk studies and international registration and management of aerial plant protection pesticides, and summarizes the development potential and management recommendations in this field in China, with a view to providing reference for the safe application of pesticides by plant protection UAVs and the scientific management of registration in China.