手性除草剂研究进展

以几大类已经商品化或具有较好市场前景的手性除草剂为对象,综述了各除草剂的除草活性、对非靶标生物的毒性及其在环境迁移中的对映异构体选择性现象及机理的研究成果。由于对映异构体间的生物学性质迥异,因此,手性除草剂对映异构体的活性、作用机理、代谢转化及其在生物体内的转移等都具有手性选择性差异。同时,手性除草剂对植物的选择性作用还会因作用对象及环境因素的改变而改变,其在环境中的选择性降解情况也十分复杂,不仅与该除草剂自身的理化性质有关,还与其所处的环境因素有关,诸如土壤类型、植物种类、微生物群落结构、温度、pH值等均会改变手性除草剂对映异构体的环境归趋。

Progress of research on chiral herbicides

The progress of the preparation technology of sole enantiomer,the enantioselective effects on plants and biotransformation effects of chiral herbicides were summarized.As their different biological properties,the bioactivity and mechanism,metabolic conversion and migration issues of chiral herbicides are enantioselective.The enantioselective phytotoxic effects on plants are complicated.The preferential inhibition shifts when the target objects or some other environmental elements are changed.Moreover,enantio-preferential degradation of herbicides in the environment is related not only to the physical and chemical properties of the herbicide,but also to the various environmental factors,such as soil types,the microbial community structure,pH and temperature which can change the fate of contaminant enantiomer.